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Any pregnancy, regardless of duration, the number of pregnancies, including the one in progress, if applicable
Gravida
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A woman who has never been pregnant
Nulligravida
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A woman who is pregnant for the first time
Primigravida
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A woman who has been pregnant before, regardless of duration of the pregnancy
Multigravida
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A woman who has given birth to one or more children, who reached the age of viability regardless of the number of fetus delivered.
Para
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a woman who has given birth to her first child
Primipara
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A woman who has given birth to two or more children
Multipara
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Termination of pregnancy before viability (20 week)
Abortion
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Nagele's Rule to find EDD
From LNMP count backward 3 months + 7 days
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Pregnancy is divided into three 13 week part called
Trimesters
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During 3rd Trimester weight gain of ___ pounds occurs in women with normal weight
20-25 pounds
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During 2nd trimester pituitary glands secretes ___
Prolactin
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___ Type of exercise is beneficial during normal pregnancy
Mild to Moderate
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Maternal body temperature should not exceed ___
38'C / 100.4'F
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In late pregnancy the increase of ___ during exercise can trigger labor
catecholamines
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Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes that existed before pregnancy occurred
Pregestational Diabetes Mellitus
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Glucose intolerance with onset during pregnancy and usually returns to normal by 6 weeks postpartum
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
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Screening test to identify Gestational Diabetes is routinely done between ___ and ___ weeks of gestation
24 and 28 weeks
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___ is the only oral hypoglycemic agent that can be considered for use after the first trimester
Glyburide
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Braxton’s Hicks
Irregular, painless uterine contractions in the second trimester
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Chadwick’s sign
Purplish or bluish discoloration of cervix, vagina, vulva caused by increased vascular congestion
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Colostrum
Thin yellowish fluid from breast high in protein, fat-soluble vitamins and minerals. Contains mother’s antibodies
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Goodell’s sign
Softening of the cervix and vagina caused by increased vascular congestion
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Pseudoanemia
False anemia.A rise in the fluid portion of the blood greater than erythrocytes
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Quickening
Fetal movement felt by the mother (16 to 20 weeks)
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Normal Schedule for Prenatal Visits Conception - 28 weeks
Every 4 weeks
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Normal Schedule for Prenatal Visits 29 - 26 weeks
Every 2-3 week
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Normal Schedule for Prenatal Visits 37 week - birth
Weekly
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Bacterial Vaginosis,Vaginal Discharge During Pregnancy is treated with
Flagyl or Clindamycin
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Fluid Capacity of Uterus
5000 ml
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During pregnancy oxygen consumption increases by
15%
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During pregnancy pulse rate increase by
10-15 beats/min
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Increased risk of thrombophlebitis during __ and __ trimesters
2nd and 3rd
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During 3rd Trimester weight gain of ___ pounds occurs in under weight women
28-40 pounds
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During 3rd Trimester weight gain of ___ pounds occurs in over weight women
15-25 pounds
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If multifetal: twins; woman should gain
- 4-6 pounds in 1st trimester
- 1.3 pounds per week in 2nd & 3rd trimester
- a total of 35 to 45 pounds
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Nutritional Requirements for Pregnant Women
- Protein : 60 g/day
- Calcium : 1200 mg/day
- Iron : 30 mg/day
- Folic acid : 400 mcg (0.4 mg)/day
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Pregnancy induced hypertension with convulsions
Eclampsia
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Excessive amniotic fluid
Hydramnios
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Fetal Rh-positive blood entering the mother’s circulation which produces antibodies
Isoimmunizaton
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Preeclampsia
Pregnancy induced hypertension with proteinuria
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Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
clot formation and anticoagulation occurring simultaneously throughout the body that leads to bleeding
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Placenta Previa is characterized by
Painless vaginal bleeding, usually bright red
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The premature separation of a placenta that is normally implanted
Abruptio Placenta
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Abruptio Placenta is characterized by
Bleeding accompanied by abdominal or lower back pain
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Hormones (Estrogen & Progesterone), insulinase (an enzyme) & increased prolactin levels have two effects
- Increased resistance of cells to insulin
- Increased speed of insulin breakdown
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Do not take iron with milk or antacids because
Calcium impairs absorption
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Foods Recommended in Pregnancy - Iron
- Meats
- Chicken
- Fish
- Liver
- Legumes
- Green leafy vegetables
- Whole or enriched grains
- Nuts
- Blackstrap molasses
- Tofu
- Eggs
- Dried fruits
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Foods Recommended in Pregnancy - Folic Acid
- Green leafy vegetables
- Asparagus
- Green beans
- Fruits
- Whole grains
- Liver
- Legumes
- Yeast
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Foods Recommended in Pregnancy - Vitamin C
- Citrus fruits and juices
- Strawberries
- Cantaloupe
- Cabbage
- Green and red peppers
- Tomatoes
- Potatoes
- Green leafy vegetables
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