Glaciers

  1. Neve
    First year glacial snow
  2. Firn
    Accumulated snow that has survived one melt season
  3. The three mechanism that allows glaciers to flow
    Slope of bedrock surface, internal deformation, and basal meltwater
  4. Ablation
    The depletion of ice from the glacier
  5. Mass balance
    The difference between accumulation levels and ablation
  6. Orbital eccentricity, tilt variations in the axis of rotation, and precession (earth's axis of rotation wobbles)
    Three parameters of the earth's rotation that causes glacial fluctuations
  7. Cirque glacier/alpine glaciers
    The smallest and forms in a small bowl shaped depression in the mountains
  8. Valley glaciers
    Flows through valleys in the mountains
  9. Piedmont glaciers
    When valley glaciers flow out onto an adjacent plain
  10. Ice fields
    Hundreds of square miles of glaciation
  11. Outlet glaciers
    Glaciers that occupy valleys that extend below the coverage of ice field
  12. Tidewater glaciers
    When glaciers end up reaching the sea and terminate at the shoreline
  13. Subglacial lakes
    Bodies of freshwater that are contained deep within the layers of ice sheets
  14. Head
    Top end of a glacier
  15. Terminus
    Downhill end
  16. Terminal moraine
    A large mass of debris that marks the glaciers furthest advance
  17. Zone of abiation
    Where snow melts in the summer
  18. Zone of accumulation
    Where snow lasts all year
  19. Snow line
    Separates the zone of abiation from the zone of accumulation
  20. Moraine
    Any ridge or mound of glacial debris that is deposited in glaciated regions
  21. Recessional moraines
    Ridges that are behind the terminal moraine
  22. Lateral moraines
    Material that has been pushed off to the side of glaciers
  23. Medial moraines
    Form when two glaciers converge
  24. Ground moraine
    The layer of till and other sediments underneath a glacier
  25. Supraglacial moraine
    Accumulations of debris on top of glacial ice
  26. Entrainment
    Picking up of loose material by the glacier from along the bed and valley sides
  27. Basal ice freezing
    Thought to be made by glaciohydraulic supercooling (a process that allows water at the base of a glacier to remain liquid at a temperature below its freezing point in response to the geometry of water flow and subglacial pressure)
  28. Plucking
    Involves the glacier freezing onto the valley sides and subsequent ice movement pulling away masses of rock
  29. Supraglacial debris
    Carried on the surface of the glacial as lateral and medial morraines
  30. Summer ablation
    Surface melt water carries a small load and this often disappears down crevasses
  31. Englacial debris
    Sediment carried within the body of the glaier
  32. Terminal morraine
    Marks the farthest extent for the glacier
  33. Till
    Debris deposited directly by a glacier
Author
r2484550
ID
202695
Card Set
Glaciers
Description
Science
Updated