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What are the divisions?
- •Simple vs Complex
- –Single cell type or variety of cells
- •Meristematic vs Permanent
- –Immature cells with region of active cell division vs mature, differentiated cells
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Classification of Tissue Systems
- –Fundamental or Ground System
- –Dermal System
- –Vascular System
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Meristematic Tissues
- Cells exhibit a great deal of __.
- Give rise to __.
- Located where?
What are the types?
- –Tips of roots and stems: apical meristem (increase in length of plant body)
- –Periphery of roots and stems:lateral meristem (increase in girth of plant body)
- •Primary tissue growth comes from apical meristem
- •Secondary tissue growth of woody plants is derived from lateral meristem( vascular and cork cambium)
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Permanent Tissue Systems:
fundamental, dermal and vascular
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FUNDAMENTAL
OR GROUND TISSUES
Characteristics (what are they? components? defined as..? types?
- •Generally simple tissues
- •Components of vascular tissue systems
- •Often defined as those tissues that are neither dermal or vascular
- •Major types:
- –Parenchyma
- –Collenchyma
- Sclerenchyma
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Parenchyma
location?
consists of?
- Located in roots, stems ,leaves
- Consists primarily of parenchymal cellsRelatively unspecialized, variable shaped cells with large vacuolesThin, primary cell wall; generally no secondary wallAlive at maturity
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Parenchyma
Functions
- –Capable of mitosis (may take on meristematic activity in some instances)
- –Play a role in wound healing and regeneration
- –Metabolic activity(photosynthesis, respiration), storage and conduction
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Collenchyma
(General, functions, cells)
- •Most commonly located in stems (beneath epidermis) in ribs, and along veins
- •Functions: support of primary plant body
- •Collenchyma Cells
- –Alive at maturity
- –Elongated cells with primary cell walls that are irregularly thickened at corners
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Schlerenchyma
(characteristic, location)
- •More specialized than the other two fundamental tissues
- •Located in cortex of stems, often associated with veins
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Schlerenchyma
(cells)
- •Most cells are dead at maturity
- •Cells have uniformly thickened, lignified secondary cell walls
- •Two types of Cells:
- –Fibers and Sclerids
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Sclerenchyma
fibers
- •Fibers: elongated cells with tapered ends
- –Most often associated with xylem and phloem
- –Functions in support
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Sclerenchyma
Sclerids
- •Sclerids: irregular shaped cells, but generally very short
- –Function in mechanical protection
- –Located almost anywhere in plant body
- –Stone cells( common in shells of nuts, flesh of hard fruits)
- Gritty substances in pears
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