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Amenorrhea
Absence of menstruation
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Cephalopelvic disproportion
Pelvic outlet is too small for size of fetal head
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Conization
Cone of tissue excised
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Dilation
Expansion of the cervix
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Dysmenorrhea
Painful or difficult menstruation
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Ectopic pregnancy
Fertilized ovum becomes implanted outside the uterus
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Elective abortion
Voluntary termination of a pregnancy
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Imminent abortion
Impending termination of pregnancy
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Incompetent cervical os
A uterine cervix that cannot maintain a small diameter to support the weight of the fetus
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Incomplete abortion
Part of products of conception are retained in the uterus
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Infertility
Inability or diminished ability to produce offspring
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Menorrhea
Excessive bleeding during menstruation
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Metrorrhea
Active uterine bleeding at times other than menstruation
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Missed abortion
Fetus is dead before 20 weeks of gestation and products of conception are retained in the uterus
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Placenta previa
Placenta implants in the lower uterine segment
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Presentation
Position of fetus in uterus
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Rubin's test
Insufflation of the fallopian tubes with carbon dioxide to check for patency
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Schiller's test
A test for superficial cancer of the cervix by painting the tissues with an iodine solution
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Abruptio placentae
Placenta is prematurely spearated from the wall of the uterus
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Dee lee suction
Catheter that clears meconium from neonate
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Effacement
Dilation of the cervix
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4 stages of labor
- 1 - onset of labor to full dilation of cervix
- 2 - complete dilation of cervix through birth
- 3 - period following birth, including expulsion of placenta
- 4 - stabilization of mother's condition
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placenta previa
The placenta is abnormally implanted in the lower uterine segment and may completely cover the cervical os
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breech presentation
buttocks come first
-
transverse presentation
fetus lying crosswise
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footling presentation
feet come first
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vertex presentation
upper back of the head comes first
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Primipara
A woman who has delivered one infant
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Cervix
The neck of the uterus; rounded and conical and protrudes into the vagina
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External genitalia (vulva) consists of...(6)
- Mons pubis
- Labia majora
- Labia minor
- Clitoris
- Bartholin's glands
- perineum
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4 ligamnets supporting the uterus and fallopian tubes
- Broad ligament
- Uterosacral ligament
- Cardinal ligament
- Round ligament
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Vestiblue
Space between the labia minora, which is where ducts for bartholin's glands are located
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2 most used incisions for OB/GYN procedures
- Pfannenstiel (lower transverse incision)
- Vertical
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Cervical cerclage, AKA?
- Placement of ligatures around cervix to treat incompetent cervical os
- Shirodkar procedure
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Colporrhaphy, AKA?
- Repair of vaginal defects because of prolapse of the bladder or rectum
- Anterior/posterior vaginal repair
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Rectocele
Rectum has prolapsed into the vaginal vault
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Enterocele
Hernia of intestine through vagina
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Cystocele
Bladder hernia into the vagina
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LAVH
- Laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy
- Excision of the uterus through the vagina using laparoscopic technique
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Oophorocystectomy
Removal of an ovarian cyst
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pelvic exenteration
Removal of vagina, uterus, and cervix, fallopian tubes, ovaries, bladder and rectum for recurrent carcinoma
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Salpingectomy
Removal of a fallopian tube
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Salpingo-oophorectomy
Excision of ovary and fallopian tube
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Total abdominal hysterectomy
Surgical removal of the uterus, including the ceervix, through an abdominal incision
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Vaginoplasty
Plastic surgery on the vagina
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Amniocentesis
Aspiration of the amniotic fluid under ultrasound guidance to detect disorders, maternal-fetal blood incompatibility, and fetal maturity
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Colposcopy
Examination and biopsy of the cervix and vagina for histological examination and diagnosis
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colpotomy
incision into the wall of the vagina to facilitate diagnosis and inspection of the pelvic organs and to determine the presence of fluid, blood,or pus in the pouch of Douglas
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Culdocentesis
Insertion of a spinal needle into the posterior vaginal cul-de-sac for aspirtion of material for diagnostic or therapeutic reasons
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Culdoscopy
Endoscopic visualization of pelvic organs with an endoscope
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Hysterosalpingography
Injection of a water-soluble radiopaque dye into the cervical canal to study the structure and function of the uterus and tubes to evaluate infertility
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Rubin's test
Introduction of carbon dioxide into the uterocervical canal to check for tubal patency to evaluate for infertility
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Schiller's test
Staining the vaginal vault and cervical squamous epithelium with iodine (Lugol's) solution to pinpoint abnormal tissues
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Abdominal cerclage
A stitch around the lower part of the uterus through an abdominal incision
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McDonald procedure
A purse-=string stitch around the cervix to cinch it together
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Shirodkar procedure
A purse-string stitch around the cervix underneath the skin
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Why is a cerclage done?
Incompetent cervical os
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Why is a cervical conization done? (3)
- Cervical neoplasms
- Cervical cancer
- Chronic cervical inflammation
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Why is a c-section done? (3)
- Uterine dystocia
- Fetal distress
- Failure to progress in labor
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Why is a colporrhaphy done? (4)
- Cystocele
- Enterocele
- Rectocele
- Urethrocystocele
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Why is a D&C done? (7)
- Endometrial hyperplasia
- Dysfunctional uterine bleeding
- Dysmenorrhea
- Polyps
- Diagnostic
- Evacuation of retained placenta
- Follows incomplete abortion
-
Why is a hysteroscopy done? (5)
- Menorrhagia
- Uterine fibroids
- Polyps
- Intrauterine adhesions
- Submucous myomas
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Why is uterine ablation done?
Menorrhagia
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Why is LAVH done? (5)
- Uterine prolapse
- Pelvic relaxation'
- Myoma
- Irregular bleeding
- Premalignant lesions
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Why is myomectomy done? (3)
- Fibroid tumors
- Dysmenorrhea
- Anemia secondary to uterine bleeding
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Why is marsupialization of bartholin's cyst done? (3)
- Obstruction of the secretory duct of bartholin's gland
- Trauma
- Various infections
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Why is a oophorectomy done? (4)
- Ovarian cysts
- Prophylaxis
- Endometriosis
- Cancer
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Why is pelvic exenteration done? (1)
Cancer
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Why is salpingectomy done? (7)
- Endometriosis
- Pelvic inflammatory disease
- Cysts
- Occlusive disease
- Ectopic pregnancy
- Salpingocele
- Tubal abscess
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Why is a total abdominal hysterectomy done? (6)
- Cancer
- Hemorrhage
- Leiomyofibroma
- Menomentrorrhagia
- Uterine prolapse
- Endometriosis
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Why is a vaginoplasty done? (6)
- Congenital defect
- Stenosis
- Vaginal atresia
- Trauma
- Cancer
- Trans-sexual surgery
-
Why is vaginal hysterectomy done? (5)
- Uterine prolapse
- Myomas
- Pelvic relaxation
- Menometrorrhagia
- Cancer
-
Why is vulvectomy done? (3)
- Benign tumors
- Vulvar cancer
- Melanomas
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