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ANATOMY
structure of the body; form
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PHYSIOLOGY
function of the body
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INSPECTION
overall looking and assessing of entire body
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PALPATION
touchy self examination
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AUSULTATION
listening to sounds
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Example of how anatomy and physiology are complemtary.
when breathing, lungs expand
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GROSS ANATOMY
being able to examine a structure with a seeing eye
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HISTOLOGY
the study of tissues and the way they're arranged into organs
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Subdivisions of Physiology
- Cardiovascular Physiology (heart and blood vessels)
- Pathophysiology (diseases and aging)
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ATOMS
smallest particles with own individual identities (Hydrogen)
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MOLECULES
made up of 2 or more atoms (Water)
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ORGANELLES
come together to make functions in a cell (Mitochondria)
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CELLS
simplest form of an organism that can act like a living thing (RBC)
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TISSUES
bunch of cells working together to perform a certain function (Connective)
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ORGANS
made up of 2 or more tissue types and work together to do something (Heart)
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ORGAN SYSTEM
organs work together to do something specific (Nervous System)
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ORGANISM
one complete living thing (Cat)
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ORGANIZATION
organisms expel energy to keep order
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CELLULAR COMPOSITION
living matter is put into at least one cell
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METABOLISM
chemical changes in an individual
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RESPONSIVENESS and MOVEMENT
organisms respond and react to environmental changes
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HOMEOSTASIS
- body maintains at stable condition
- ability to notice change in the body and stabilize it (Bringing down a fever)
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DEVELOPMENT
any change of an organism
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REPRODUCTION
passing genes onto the next generation
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EVOLUTION
genetic change through generation
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DYNAMIC EQUILIBRIUM
balance of change in the body around a set point
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NEGATIVE FEEDBACK
- body detects and fights change
- brings you back to homeostasis
- (when the body is too hot, it sweats to bring back to normal temperature)
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POSITIVE FEEDBACK
- produces psychological change; encourages an action
- keeps you out of homeostasis
- (when a woman is giving birth)
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FEEDBACK LOOP
- mechanisms offer original changes that triggered them (cause and effect)
- Dynamic Equil., Set Point, and Negative Feedback
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INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
- cutaneous glands (sweat and oil)
- vitamin D synthesis, protection
- skin, hair, nails
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SKELETAL SYSTEM
- mineral storage for calcium and phosphorus
- works with the muscular system
- blood formation, movement and support
- bones, cartilages, ligaments
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MUSCULAR SYSTEM
- maintains posture
- movement, stability, and heat
- works with the skeletal system
- skeletal muscles
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NERVOUS SYSTEM
- rapid nerve impulses, stimulus- response system
- brain, spinal chord, nerves
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ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
- hormone production, internal chemical comm. and coordination
- pituitary gland, thyroid gland, pancreas
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CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
- distribution of nutrients, oxygen, wastes, hormones
- heart, bloodvessels
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LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
- recovery of excess tissue fluid, detection of pathogens (returns to blood vessels)
- lymph nodes, spleen, tonsils
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RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
- exchange system
- absorption of oxygen, discharge of carbon dioxide
- nose, pharynx, lungs, speech, acid base balance of blood
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URINARY SYSTEM
- elimination of wastes, regulation of blood vol. and pressure
- kidneys, urinary bladder, urethra
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