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Creating an EffectiveTeam Climate
- •Social support: Mutual respect and support enhance team climate.
- •Social support provides appraisal information, reassurance, and cooperation. It reduces uncertainty in times of stress, aids in mental and physical recovery, and improves communication.
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Creating an EffectiveTeam Climate
- •Proximity: Closer contact between members promotes team interaction.
- •Distinctiveness: The more distinctive the group feels, the better the climate
- .•Fairness—or a lack of it—can bring a group closer together.
- •Greater similarity = closer climate.
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Functions of SocialSupport
- •Provides appraisal, information, reassurance, and companionship
- •Reduces uncertainty during times of stress
- •Aids in mental and physical recovery
- •Improves communication
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Seven Types of SocialSupport
- •Listening support
- •Emotional support
- •Emotional-challenge support
- •Reality-confirmation
- support
- •Task-appreciation support
- •Task-challenge support
- •Personal-assistance support
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Individual and TeamPerformance in Sport
- •While individual ability is important, the individual abilities of team members alone are not good predictors of how a team will perform.
- •Steiner’s model–Actual productivity = potential productivity: Losses are due to faulty group processes.–Losses result from motivation and coordination.
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Implications of steiner's model
- role of the coach
- –Increase relevant resources (through training, instruction, and recruiting).
- –Reduce process losses (through enhancing cohesion and emphasizing individual contributions to the team).
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Ringelmann Effect and Social Loafing
- •Ringelmann effect is the phenomenon by which individual performance decreases as the number of people in the group increases
- •Social loafing is when individuals within a group or team put forth less than 100% effort due to loss of motivation.
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Conditions that IncreaseSocial Loafing
- •An individual’s output cannot be independently evaluated.
- •The task is perceived to be low in meaningfulness.
- •An individual’s personal involvement in the task is low.
- •A comparison against group standards is not possible.•Other individuals contributing to the collective effort are strangers.
- •Teammates or coworkers are seen as high in ability.
- •Individual team members perceive their contribution to the outcome as redundant.The individual is competing against what he or she believes to be a weaker opponent
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Eliminating SocialLoafing
- •Emphasize the importance of individual pride and unique contributions.
- •Increase identifiability of individual performances.
- •Determine specific situations in which social loafing occurs.
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Applying Work TeamPrinciples to Sport Teams
- •Pre-performance briefing
- •Cross-training
- •Communication training
- •Training
- for adaptability
- •Team self-correction
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