Skeletal System

The body's framework, composed of bones and joints

Provide a resting ground for muscles and protection of vital organs

Junctions of bones, muscles, and connective tissue at which movement occurs.  Also know as an articulaion

Portion of the skeletal system that consists of the skull, reb cage, and vertebral column

Portion of the skeletal system that includes the upper and lower extremities.

The process of resorption and formation of bone

A type of bone cell that removes none tissue

A type of cell that is responsible for bone formation

Type of Bone: long, cylindrical shaft and irregular or widened ends

Type of Bone: similar in length and width and appear somewhat cubical in shape, carpals of hand, tarsals of feet

Type of bone: thin, protective. Example: scapulae

Type of Bone: Unique shape and function.  Example: vertebrae

Type of Bone: Small often round bones embedded in a joint capsule or found in locations where a tendon passes over a joint. Example: Patella

The end of long bones, which is mainly composed of cancellous bone, and house much of the red marrow involved in red blood cell production.  They are also one of the primary sites for bone growth

The shaft portion of a long bone

The region of long bone connecting the diaphysis to the epiphysis.  It is a layer of subdividing cartilaginous cells in which growth in length of the diaphysis occurs

A dense membrane composed of fibrous connective tissue that closely wraps (invests) all bone, except that of the articulation surfaces in joints, which are covered by a synovial membrane

The central cavity of bone shafts where marrow is stored

Cartilage that covers the articular surfaces of bones

Flattened or indented portions of bone, which can be muscle attachment sites

Projections protruding from the bone where muscles, tendons, and ligaments can attach

A series of irregularly shaped bones called vertebrae that houses the spinal cord

First seven vertebrae starting at the top of the spinal column

Twelve vertebrae located in the upper/middle back behind the ribs

Five vertebrae of the low back below the thoracic spine

triangular bone located below the lumbar spine

Located below the sacrum, more commonly know as the tailbone

Joint motion

Joints that are held together by a joint capsule and ligaments and are most associated with movement in the body

Joints that do not have a joint cavity, connective tissue or cartilage

Joint type: No axis of rotation; moves by sliding side-to-side or back and forth. Example: carpals of the hand

Joint type: Formed by the fitting of condyles of one bone into elliptical cavities of another; moves predominantly in one plane.  Example: Knee

Type of joint: Uniaxial; moves predominantly in one plane of motion (sagittal)

One bone fits like a saddle on another bone; moves predominantly in two planes.  Only the thumb

type of joint: Only one axis; moves predominantly in one plane of motion (transverse). Example: radioulnar

Most mobile of joint; moves in all three planes of motion. Example: Shoulder

Primary connective tissue that connects bones together and provides stability, input to the nervous system, guidance, and the limitation of improper joint movement