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-
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vision, stored in liver
a
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deficiency vit a
night blindness, itchy-burning eyelids
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toxicity vit a
jaundice, liver injury
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foods w retinol
liver, eggs, yolk, butter
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foods w beta carotene
yellow and green veggies
-
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made in bd w UV rays, stored in fat tiss
d
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helps w absorption of ca and p for bone strength
d
-
-
rickets is=
soft bones, bowlegs
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tox of vit d
kidney dysfunction
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foods w vit d
yeast, fish liver oils (natural source), fortified dairy products (whole milk, margarine)
-
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antioxidant -- protects cells from damage by free radicals produced in oxidation (protects heart/blood vess, decreases inflammation, prevents cancer); works w selenium
vit e
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def in vit e
hemolytic anemia, breakdown of rbcs
-
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foods w vit d
vegetable oils
-
phylloquinone (dietary)
k
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menaquinone (intestinal bacteria)
k
-
important for blood clotting and bone development; interacts w coumadin (blood thinner)
K
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def in vit k
rare (intestines produce), bleeding (newborns given vit k injection to prevent hemorrhage from cord cutting)
-
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foods w vit k
green, leafy veggies (best source)
-
at soluble vitamins
a d e k
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water-soluble vits
b complex, c
-
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coenzyme on cho metabolism; needed for normal function of heart, nerves, and muscles
vit b1
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def in b1
beriberi (pain, neuritis, paralysis of extremeties)
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tox of b1
none, excess excreted in urine
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foods w b1
pork, liver, beef, whole grains, legumes
-
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coenzyme in protein and energy production
b2
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def in b2
cracked lips/corners of mouth (cheilosis), swollen tongue (glossistis), and ariboflavinosis (tiss inflammation and skin breakdown)
-
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foods w b2
milk, animal proteins, destroyed by light
-
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works w b1 and b2 in energy production
b3
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def in b3
weakness, fatigue, decreased appetite, pellagra
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tox in b3
facial, chest, arm flushing/itching
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foods w b3
meats, poultry and fish
-
-
coenzymes in fat and cholesterol, heme, and amino acid activation
b5
-
deb in b5`
rare, widespread national occurrence
-
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foods w b5
organ meats, whole grains, legumes
-
-
protein metabolism and cns functioning
b6
-
def in b6
rare due to natural widespread occurence
-
tox b6
rare from foods; usually from supplements (muscle incoordination, nerve damage)
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foods w b6
grains, seeds, organ meats
-
-
coenzyme in hemoglobin synthesis; needed for normal rbc and nercous system function
b12
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def in b12
pernicious anemia (lack of intrinsic factor); tx w b12 injections
-
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foods w b12
organ meats, milk, eggs, cheese
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folate/folic acid function
part of dna, necessary for rbs development
-
def folate
megaloblastic anemia, nearal tube defects (spina bifida) in newborns
-
pregnant woman needs more-
folate
-
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foods w folate
organ meats, green leafy vegs
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biotin functions
coenzyme in synthesis of fatty and amino acids, works w panthothenic acid
-
-
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foods w biotin
liver, egg yolk, soy flour
-
-
builds connective tissue; prepares iron for absorption
c
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def in vit c
scurvy (pain and bleeding into joints)
-
tox in vit c
none unless above ul
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foods w vit c
citrus fruits, tomatoes, green peppers
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