chem111 ch2&3

• compounds characterized by covalent bonding
• formed between nonmetals
• exists as discrete molecules in the solid, liquid, and gas state

• names of elements appear in the order that they appear in the compound
• prefixes indicate the number of each kind
• only use mono on second element
• last element name ends in -ide.

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

cation and anion

a substance that yeilds hydrogen ions (H⁺) when dissolved in water

• 1. Name the polyatomic ion
• 2. replace ate with ic, ite with ous
• 3. add "acid" to the name

a substance that yeilds hydroxide ions (OH^-) when dissolved in water

compounds that have a specific number of water molecules attached to them

mass of an atom in atomic mass units (amu)

weighted average of all the naturally occuring isotopes of the element

• a unit to count numbers
• the amount of a substance that contains as many elementary entities as there are atoms

6.022 x 10²³

• mass of one mole of molecules, atoms, or other particles in grams.
• the sum of the atomic masses (in amu) in a molecule

(formula weight) of a molecule is the sum of the atomic weights of the atoms in its empirical formula

• n x molar mass of an element    x100
• molar mass of compoud