US History Ch 22

control of a commodity or service by a small number of large, powerful companies. 517

Theodore Roosevelt coined the term in 1906 to describe the writers who made a practice of exposing the corruption of public and prominent figures

Muck Racker hired by McClure wrote the “The Shame of Minneapolis" Article another tale of corrupt partnership between business and politics.

Muck Racker hired by McClure wrote the“History of the Standard Oil Company,”

Novelist Upton Sinclair tackled the meatpackers in the novel he wrote "The Jungle (1906)". 515

published his book The Principles of Scientific Management. In this work, Taylor proposed two major reforms. First, management must take responsibility for job-related knowledge and classify it into rules. Second, management should control the workplace through standardization of methods

526 Essay "528-529"

Founded in 1903, this group worked to organize women into trade unions. It also lobbied for laws to safeguard female workers and backed strikes, especially in the garment industry. While it never attracted many members, its leaders were influen-tial enough to give the union considerable power. p. 523

Movement for social change between the late 1890s and World War I. Its orgins lay in a fear of big business and corrupt govern-ment and a desire to improve living conditions. Progressives set out to cure the social ills brought about by industrialization and urbanization, social disorder, and corruption. p. 515

A movement, led by W. E. B. DuBois, that focused on equal rights for and the education of African American youth. Rejecting the gradualist approach of Booker T. Washington, it favored militant action and claimed for African Americans all the rights afforded to other Americans. p. 522

Created in 1909, this organization became the most impor-tant civil rights organization in the country. p. 522

Immigrants who came to the United States to work and save money and then returned to their native countries during the slack season. p. 523

Anurse and outspoken social reformer, led a campaign to give physicians broad discretion in prescribing contraceptives. When Sanger became involved in the birth control movement, the federal Comstock Law banned the interstate trans-port of contraceptive devices and information.521

The federal Comstock Act banned the interstate transport of contraceptive devices and information.521

Founded in 1905, this radical union, also known as the Wobblies, aimed to unite the American working class into one union. It organized unskilled and foreign-born laborers, advocated social revolution, and led strikes. p. 527

527

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Mann Act, which prohibited the interstate transportation of women for immoral purposes.

Early twentieth-century realist painters who portrayed the slums and streets of the nation’s cities and the lives of ordinary urban dwellers. They often advocated political and social reform. p. 533

 Isadora Duncan and Ruth St. Denis transformed the dance. Departing from traditional ballet steps, both women emphasized improvisation, emotion, and the human form. “Listen to the music with your soul,” Duncan told her students. “Unless your  dancing springs from an inner emotion and expresses an idea, it will be meaningless.” Draped in flowing robes, she revealed more of her legs than some thought tasteful, and she proclaimed that the “noblest art is the nude.” After a triumphant performance with the New York Symphony in 1908, her ideas and techniques swept the country. Duncan died tragically in 1927, her neck broken when her long red scarf caught in the wheel of a racing car. pg532

In 1915, D. W. Griffith, a talented and creative director, as well as a racistl, produced the first movie spectacular: Birth of a Nation . Griffith adopted new film techniques, including close-ups, fade-outs, and artistic camera angles, and he staged dramatic battle scenes 531

1906 With his associates he started the Ford Motor Company, the firm that transformed the business by using the methods he learned in the meat packing Industry be making Automobiles through a assembly line thus cutting time, cutting price, in which resulted inan increas of profit through a higher demand.516, 517, 523