continue of chapter 38 and 39

bands of scar tissue tht bind together two anatomic surfaces that normaly area separate

the surgical joining of two normally distinct organs

a lack or loss of appetite for food

an abnormall collection of fluid containing high levels of protein and electrolytes in the peritoneal cavity

substances or agents that cause the development of or increase the incidence of cancer

the profuse excretion of sweat

varicose veins of the esophagus which occur as a result of portal hypertension these vessels can easily hemorrhage

a hard impacted mass of feces in the colon

narrow slits or clefts in the abdomianl wall

an abnormal tubelike passage between internal organs or form an interal organ to the body surface

gas expelle through the anus

the death if bidt tussye as a result of loss of nutritive supply followed by bacteria invasion and putrefaction

vomiting of bright red blood indicating rapid upper GI bleeding assocaiated with esophageal varices or peptic ulcer

the percentage by volume of packed red blood cells in a given sample of blood after centrifugation

a protein found in erythromcytes that transport molecular oxygen in the blood

abnormal enlargement of the liver

the surgical formation of an opening of the ileum onto the surface of the abdomen through which fecal material is emptied

yellowing of the skin and mucous membranes caused by deposition of bile pigment

jaundice is not a disease

a procedure for eliminating a kidney stone or gallstone by crushing or dissolving it

an disorder of the lymph nodes or lymph vessels

tumor or outgrouwht found in the mucosal linging of the colon

the pathway of blood flow through the portal vein from the GI system to the liver

increased venous pressure in the portal circulation caused by cirrhosis or compression of the hepati vascular system

the treatment of hemorrhoids varicose vein or esophageal varces by means of injection of sclerosing solutions

occurs when a person strains to defecate or urinat uses the arms and upper trunk muscles to move up in bed or strain during laughing coughing or vomiting

upper digestive system: mouth , esophagus and stomach

lower digestive system: small and large intestine

• digesiton
• absorption
• elimination

for the absorption of vitamin b12

duodenm at the proximal end the jejunum and the ileum at the distal end

emulsify fats

villi

• liver
• gallbladder
• duodenum
• head of the pancreas
• right kidney and adrena
• hepatic flexure of colon
• part of ascending colon
• transverse colon

• cecum
• appendix
• right ovary and tube
• right ureter
• right spermatic cord

• stomach
• spleen
• left lobe of liver
• body of pancrease
• left kidney and adrenal
• splenic flexure of colon
• part of transverse and descending colon

• part of decending colon
• sigmoid colon
• left ovary and tube
• left ureter
• left spermatic cord

• right hypochondriac
• right lumber
• right inginal
• left hypochondriac
• left lumbar
• umbilical
• left inguinal