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“Roaring Twenties”:
Period of prosperity, low unemployment and inflation rates, and increased investments during the 1920’s
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“Red Scare”:
Fear of communist activity in the United States following WWI
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Speculation:
Engagement in risky business transactions on the chance of quick or considerable profit
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Black Tuesday:
The Stock Market Crash; October 29, 1929
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Public works projects:
Federally funded public projects intended to stimulate business and provide employment for jobless workers
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New Deal:
- President Franklin Roosevelt’s legislative agenda for rescuing the United States from the Great
- Depression
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Smoot-Hawley Tariff:
Raised tariffs on numerous goods to protect American manufacturers; hurt consumers and led to tariff wars
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What was the cause of the Stock Market Crash of 1929?
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a) Explain three measures Hoover took to solve the problems caused by the Stock Market Crash. b) How did these measures lead to the Great Depression?
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Wagner Act:
Increased the strength of labor unions by forbidding any interference by employers with the formation and operation of labor unions
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Pump priming:
Government action taken to stimulate the economy by cutting taxes, spending money, or lowering interest rates
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Subsidy:
Grant paid by the government to an industry that benefits the public
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Minimum wage:
The minimum hourly pay a worker may receive
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Free enterprise:
The freedom of private business to operate competitively for profit with minimal governmental regulation
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Describe the three general aims of the New Deal.
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What were the three main purposes of the Social Security Act of 1935?
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a) What was the purpose of the Tennessee Valley Authority? b) Give two reasons why the TVA might be seen as a benefit. c) Give two reasons why people were opposed to the TVA.
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a) What was the Agricultural Adjustment Act? b) Give two reasons why this might be seen as a benefit. c) Give two reasons why people were opposed to the AAA.
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a) What was goal of the NIRA? b) How successful was this act in achieving its goal?
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Describe the three methods used to finance the New Deal programs. Why were these methods criticized?
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Isolationism:
A national policy of abstaining from political or economic relations with other countries
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Dictatorship:
Government by a single person that is not responsible to the people or their elected representatives
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Belligerents:
Warring nations
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Neutrality Acts:
Passed by FDR in 1935 and 1937; prohibited the shipment of munitions to warring nations
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Adolf Hitler:
Austrian-born, Jew-hating fanatic who became dictator of Germany in 1933
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Josef Stalin:
Communist dictator who succeeded Lenin and ruled the Soviet Union during WWII
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Benito Mussolini:
Fascist dictator who seized power in Italy in 1922
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Describe three roots of U.S. isolation during the 1920’s and 1930s.
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a) What country invaded Manchuria in 1933? b) What was significant about the League of Nations response to this invasion?
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