PSY 360 Exam 1

the scientific study of mental processing and behavior

defines how we think, feel, and behave

scientific study of how individuals think about, influence, and relate to one another

The topic of ___ is studied more in psychology than any other topic.

In current social psychology, there is an emphasis on the power of the ___ (external)versus the power of the ___ (internal)

the enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, and traditions shared by a large group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next

an integrated set of principles that explain and predict observed events

tentative proposition that describes a relationship that may exist between events and or variables

research in a natural, real life natural setting

(i.e. interview, survey, case study)

looks at relationships/associations between events or variables

often done in a laboratory setting

(cause/effect relationship between variables)

This causes that.

degree to which an experiment is superficially similar to everyday relationships

the sense of who we are

*our self-image*

mental templates by which we organize our world

beliefs about ourselves that organize and guide the processing of self relevant information

Schema ___ and ___ with experience.

(i.e. our concept of what an animal is from the time we are an infant to an adult)

images of what we dream of or dread becoming in the future

one's overall self evaluation or sense of self worth

the "we aspect" of our self concept that comes from our group membership

concept of giving priority to one's own goals and defining one's identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group identification

giving priority to the goals of one's group (family/co-workers) and defining identity according to the group

Explain and predict future behavior through ___ ___.

Theorized how the external world and ourselves function as an ecological system - how the world effects us and how we effect the world

(Bandura) a belief in ourselves that we can accomplish certain tasks

also: a belief in one's self that one has the coping strategies to overcome certain challenge in life

the tendency to perceive oneself in a favorable way

shows how people explain others' behavior and what's causing them to act in that way

the tendency for observers to underestimate situational influences and overestimate dispositonal influences upon others' behavior

___ has can have an impact on how we place blame.

a self-conscious state in which attention focuses on oneself, making them more sensitive to their own attitudes and dispositions

persistence of one's initial conceptions, such as when the basis of one's belief is discredited but an explanation of why the belief might be true survives

activating particular associations in memory

The power of the unconcious mind is both ___ and ___.

the tendency to search for information that confirms our preconceptions

rule of thumb strategy that enables quick efficient judgements

tendency to presume that someone or something belongs to a particular group if resembling a typical member

the perception of a relationship where none exist or the perception of a stronger relationship than actually exists

(Un)favorable evaluative reaction toward something or someone exhibited in one's belief, feeling, or intended behavior

___ leads to discrimination

___ leads to prejudice

___ leads to stereotypes

set of norms that define how people in a given social situation ought to behave

assumes that people, especially those that self-monitor their behavior hoping to create a good impression, will adapt their attitude reports to appear consistent with their actions

explains attitude change by assuming that people feel tension after acting contrary to their attitude

___ developed the Cognitive Dissonance Theory

tendency to exagerate, after learning an outcome, one's ability to have foreseen how something has turned out

___ and ___ theorized about the effects of teacher expectations and student performance.

The advantage of a ___ ___ ___, is that it yields an expressed answer that is close to a real one

___ and ___ experiment demonstrated how human beings can become imbeded in hatred and violence.

A mental health disorder