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jtisby
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What are the 3 essential hormones of the male reproductive system?
- Testosterone
- FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone)
- LH (luteinizing hormone)
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What are the 4 anatomical structures essential to the male reproductive system?
- Hypothalamus
- Pituitary Glands
- Gonads
- Penis
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Where is Testosterone produced, and what are it's 3 main functions?
- Produced in the testes and the adrenal glands
- -development/maintenance of male sex organs
- -development of sperm (spermatogensis)
- -development of muscle and bone mass
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Where is FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) produced, and what is it's function?
-Produced in the Pituitary gland.
-stimulates semi-iniferous tubules to produce sperm (spermatogenesis)
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Where is LH (luteinizing hormone) produced and what are it's functions?
-Produced in the Pituitary gland
-triggers testosterone production
-essential for sperm maturation
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Identify 4 emotional/psychological implications related to disfunction of the male reproductive system.
- -Fear
- -Loss (grief)
- -Role confusion (who am I)
- -Identity issues (manliness)
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What are the 3 steps used in the process of diagnosing dysfunction in the male reproductive system?
- -Health history
- -Physical exam
- -Labs/Diagnostic tests
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What subjects are covered in the Health Hx step of diagnosing male reproductive dysfunction? (6)
- -Presenting problem/chief complaint
- -S/S
- -Chronic disease, infections, childhood illness
- -Sexual Hx
- -Surgical Hx
- -Medications
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What subjects are covered in the Physical Exam when diagnosing male reproductive dysfunction?
- -Focused reproductive asssessment
- -DRE (digital rectal exam)
- -I/Os (post-void residual)
- -Penis, Pubis, Scrotum, Testes
- -Prostate & Anus
- -Urinary system
- (T.A.P.P. P.U.S.)
*combines Obj. 3 & 5; found on pgs. 2 & 4
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What Labs/Tests are typically ordered when diagnosing male reproductive dysfunction?
- -UA (urinary analysis w/culture)
- -Serum studies (w/creatinine)
- -Ultrasound
- -MRI & Pelvic CT scans
- -Cystourethroscopy
- *(M.U.C.U.S.)
- *combines Obj. 3 & 5; found on pgs. 2 & 4
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What does a Serum study reveal about male reproductive dysfunction?
- -PSA (tumor marker, detects prostate cancer)
- -Testosterone
- -FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone)
- -Creatinine
*combines Obj. 3 & 5 ; found on pgs 2 & 4
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What does a Urine study reveal about male reproductive disfunction?
- -Testosterone: detects tumors and anomalies of the testes
- -Uroflowmetry: detects extent of blockage
- -FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone): indicates gonadal failure r/t Pituitary disfunction
*combines Obj. 3 & 5; found on pgs. 2 & 4
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What does an Ultrasound reveal about male reproductive dysfunction?
- -Detects testicular masses & torsion
- -Transrectal US (TRUS:detects prostate tumors)
- -Biopsy
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What does an Cystourethroscopy reveal about male reproductive dysfunction?
- -Prostate enlargement
- -Bladder wall changes
- -Calculi
- -Raised bladder
- -Determines best surgical procedure in BPH Pts.
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Describe health promotion/maintenance measures for males across the life span. (3)
- -Testicular exams
- -Physical exams
- -Prevention of STDs
*pg. 3
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Features of a Testicular exam
- -starts when born
- -self exams @ 15 yrs
- -perform monthly
- -looking 4 lumps, or change in size, shape, consistency of testes
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Features of Physical exam of male reproductive system.
- -regular exams after 50
- -annual PSA and DRE
- -Men wait longer than women to see a Dr.
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Nurse's role in preventing STDs?
- -Education regarding risks and responsibilities
- -May be nurse's responsibility (Dr's office)
- -includes: family, school, youth group
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BPH (Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia)
Pathophysiology
- -Excessive amts. of circulating androgens (Dihydrotestosterone) = overgrowth of prostate tissue
- -decrease in testosterone = increase in estrogen = increase in prostate growth
- -50% of men 50yrs +, 90% of men 80yrs +
- -Most common urologic problem
- -NOT cancer!
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Clinical manifestations of BPH
- S/S
- -Bladder/urethral stones
- -Urinary retention
- -Urinary hesitance/urgency/intermittent
- -Recurrent bladder infections
- -Hematuria
- -Weak urinary stream/post urinary dribble
- -Compromised renal function (AEB labs)
- -Dysuria
- -Nocturia
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Collaborative care (treatment options) of BPH
- -Goal of treatment: Restore, Relieve, Prevent
- -Invasive
- -Non-invasive (conservative)
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Describe Invasive treatment options of BPH
- -TURP (transurethral prostatectomy)
- -Prostatecotmy
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Describe Non-invasive (conservative) treatment options of BPH
- -Watchfull waiting
- -Drug therapy
pg. 4-5
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What is a TURP?
- -Transurethral Resection of the Prostate
- -removal of prostate tissue via resectoscope thru the urethra
- -"Gold Standard" d/t less invasive
- -Spinal/General anesthesia = no incision = 1-2 day hospital stay
- -CBI (Continuous Bladder Irrigation) 1st 24hrs to prevent obstructions (clots, mucus)
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