devices

in which a irrelevant topic is presented in order to drive attention from original topic

the idea something should be done because the majority of people are doing it

either the test is wrong or the program is wrong

in an analogy 2 objects or events are shown to be simmilar

a statement that does not fallow logically

in which a claim or argument is rejected on the basis of some irrelevant fact about the author or person presenting the arguement

a statement that is formulated as a question  but is not supposed to be answered

a sham or argument set up to be defeated

argument for or against a proposition on the basis of a lack of evidence against or for it

y is presented a claim that is intended to produce flair

we have to stop the tuition increase or next thing you know they will charge 40,000 a semester

in which two objects are similar

a statement of a point of view as if t were an established fact

a major category in which a literary work fits

good speech a substitute for a generally unpleasant word or concept

to teach moral or ethical principals

a rhetorical figure in which words are repeated in reverse order in same modified form

picture or description in order to create or comic or grotesque effect

word phrase or clause referred  to by a pronoun

figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or personified abstraction   such as liberty or love

spirit culture era community

• a pithy observation that contains a general truth
• if It isn't broke don't fix it

the opposition or contrast of ideas the direct opposite

the use of a word referring to or replacing a word used earlier in a sentence to avoid repetition

a similarity  or comparison between 2 different things or relationship between them

• repetition of sounds
• she sells sea shells

device of using character or story elements symbolically to represent an abstraction in addiction to literal meaning

bitter caustic language that is meant to hurt or ridicule someone or something

• the ironic minimalizing of fact understatement presents something as less significant that it is
• big deal not taken seriously

• all women are smart I am a women therefor
• I am smart

• god must exist
• how do you know
• because the bible said so

a direct or indirect reference to something which is presumably common known such as an event book myth place or work of art

• like syllogism
• a feather is light what is light cannot be dark
• therefor a feather can not be dark

critical decisive

non literal

an argument in which premise is not stated

use of slang or informalities in speech or writing

strict literal dictionary def of a word

a device used to produce figurative language

amusing language that surprises and delights

subject and a verb

the conclusion that can be drawn from something

to draw a reasonable conclusion from information presented

the sentence or a group of sentences that directly expresses the authors opinion purpose meaning or position

describe arouse emotion or represent abstraction

 show of

a statement that appears to be self contradictory or opposed too common sense

the aspect of someone's character that is presented or perceived by others

forceful bitter verbal attack

subject and a verb

describes the authors attitude toward his material the audience or both

authors diction

atmosphere or emotion aura or work

is word choice

car is wheels

represents itself and stands for something else

like or as

a work that target humans vices

pencil is tired

add comic effect to a work

a simple story told for spiritual lesson

the central idea or message of a work

white  house is president

grammatical or rhetorical framing of words phrases sentences

• verbal
• situational
• dramatic

violent verbal attack

jumbo shrimp

I am  so hungry I can eat a cow

A comparison between two unlike things that continues throughout a series of sentences in a paragraph or lines in a poem.

A long and frequently involved sentence, marked by suspended syntax, in which the sense is not completed until the final word--usually with an emphatic climax. Contrast with loose sentence and cumulative sentence.

A sentence structure in which a main clause is followed by one or more coordinate or subordinate phrases and clauses. Contrast with periodic sentence.

A sermon, especially one intended to edify a congregation on a practical matter and not intended to be a theological discourse.

A figure of speech consisting of an understatement in which an affirmative is expressed by negating its opposite, as in This is no small problem.

The omission of conjunctions between clauses, often resulting in a hurried         rhythm or vehement effect.