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What are the 3 major parts of a cell?
- a. Cell Membrane
- b. Cytoplasm
- c. Nucleus
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Cell Membrane description?
- a. 100 angstroms thick
- b. living functional part of the cell
- c. It helps regulate the concentration of water, salts, and organic matter within the cell.
- d. It actively transports K ions into the cell and opposes the entrance of Na ions.
- e. It is capable of "active transport".
- f. All food entering and all waste leaving must pass through it.
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Cytoplasm description?
- a. It is a jelly like substance in which the nucleus is suspended. It is encased within the cell membrane.
- b. It is an aqueous solution of soluble proteins and salts.
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What is the "power plant" of the cell?
Mitochondria
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Mitochondria description?
- a. Contained in the cytoplasm.
- b. One of many small functional units called "organelles".
- c. It uses oxygen for oxidation of essential food stuffs and the formation of carbon dioxide.
- d. The metabolic energy released is captured in the chemical bonds of a special energy-storing molecule known as ATP (adenosine triphosphate).
- e. ATP supplies the energy for all the activities of the cell, including reproduction and repair.
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What contains the digestive enzymes of the cell?
Lysosomes
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Lysosome description?
- a. Contains the digestive enzymes that break down large molecules, such as fats, proteins, and nucleic acids, into smaller constituents that can be oxidized by the oxidative enzymes of the mitochondria.
- b. The lysosomal membrane isolates the digestive enzymes from the rest of the cytoplasm.
- c. Rupture of this membrane and release of the enzymes leads to the dissolution of the cell.
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What is the "control center" of the cell?
Nucleus
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Nucleus description?
- a.It's small and usually oval shaped and each cell has one.
- b.It directs cellular activity.
- c.It contains the hereditary factors (genes) responsible for the traits of the animal or plant.
- d. The membrane surrounding the nucleus and separating it from the cytoplasm is called the nuclear membrane.
- e. This membrane regulates the flow of materials into and out of the nucleus.
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What are Nucleoli?
Spherical bodies which are found within the cell nucleus.
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Nucleoli description?
- a. spherical bodies within the nucleus.
- b. They are packed with tiny granules similar to the rybosomes of the cytoplasm.
- c. they are rich in ribonucleic acid (RNA) and appear to be active centers of the protein and RNA synthesis.
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What contains the master blueprint for the cell?
DNA (Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid)
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DNA description?
- a. It is the most important material making up the chromosomes and serves as the master blueprint for the cell.
- b. The nucleic acids ( DNA and RNA) function together to produce the cells proteins.
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