evo test 1

the process by which the genetic code of a gene is used to direct protein synthesis

substitution that results in an amino acid change

substitution that results in no change

a type of dominance where the dominant gene completely masks the effect of the recessive gene

the condition of a heterozygote having a phenotype that is more pronounced or better adapted than that of either homozygote

when a single gene has more than one dominant allele

the interaction between two or more genes to control a single phenotype

a distinguishing characteristic or quality for which the phenotype depends on alleles in multiple genes

when one gene influences multiple phenotypic traits

two or more discreet forms within a population

predictable variation in phenotype along a geographic or ecological gradient

marked variation in phenotype due to the environment

the fraction of the total variation that is due to the additive effects of genes

the goal is to determine the degree of the effect of genetic and environmental differences on phenotype

substitution, frameshift, transposition

2 unreduced gametes, same parent

fusion of unreduced gametes from different parents

from one generation to the next

between organisms without descent
transformation
conjugation
transduction

places in the genome where a short string of nucleotides usually one to four bases long is repeated in tandem

places in the genome where ten to one hundred base pairs are repeated

he believed that offspring inherited phenotypic changes from their parents

was a scottish geologist that suggested the processes that build land forms take eons of time

wrote principles of geology
uniformitarianism: landforms are produced by physical processes which act in similar fashion across time

wrote an essay on the principle of evolution. he observed that sooner or later population gets checked by famine and disease

came up with the great chain of being or the scale of nature

discovered the earth revolves around the sun

showed chosen traits could be passed on to the next generation

the mimicking in phenotype of a  toxic model by a non toxic model.

the original specimen from which a description of a new species is made

resolved decades of controversy over the validity of evolution by natural selection