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evo test 1
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the process by which the genetic code of a gene is used to direct protein synthesis
genetic expression
substitution that results in an amino acid change
nonsynonymous
substitution that results in no change
synonymous
a type of dominance where the dominant gene completely masks the effect of the recessive gene
complete dominance
the condition of a heterozygote having a phenotype that is more pronounced or better adapted than that of either homozygote
overdominance
when a single gene has more than one dominant allele
codominance
the interaction between two or more genes to control a single phenotype
epistasis
a distinguishing characteristic or quality for which the phenotype depends on alleles in multiple genes
polygenic trait
when one gene influences multiple phenotypic traits
pleitropy
two or more discreet forms within a population
polymorphisms
predictable variation in phenotype along a geographic or ecological gradient
cline
marked variation in phenotype due to the environment
phenotypic plasticity
the fraction of the total variation that is due to the additive effects of genes
heritability
the goal is to determine the degree of the effect of genetic and environmental differences on phenotype
common garden experiment
substitution, frameshift, transposition
gene identity mutation
2 unreduced gametes, same parent
autopolyploidy
fusion of unreduced gametes from different parents
allopolyploidy
from one generation to the next
vertical transmission
between organisms without descent
transformation
conjugation
transduction
horizontal transmission
places in the genome where a short string of nucleotides usually one to four bases long is repeated in tandem
microsatellites
places in the genome where ten to one hundred base pairs are repeated
minisatellite
he believed that offspring inherited phenotypic changes from their parents
Lamarck
was a scottish geologist that suggested the processes that build land forms take eons of time
hutton
wrote principles of geology
uniformitarianism: landforms are produced by physical processes which act in similar fashion across time
lyell
wrote an essay on the principle of evolution. he observed that sooner or later population gets checked by famine and disease
malthus
came up with the great chain of being or the scale of nature
aristotle
discovered the earth revolves around the sun
galileo
showed chosen traits could be passed on to the next generation
artificial selection
the mimicking in phenotype of a toxic model by a non toxic model.
bates
the original specimen from which a description of a new species is made
type specimen
resolved decades of controversy over the validity of evolution by natural selection
modern synthesis
Author
kindlyunspoken09
ID
200194
Card Set
evo test 1
Description
1
Updated
2013-02-13T04:05:58Z
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