political science exam 1

The system under which voters elect leaders and then hold those leaders accountable for the deciisions they make is generally known as?

A) Direct democracy
B) social democracy
C) Representative democracy
D) anarchism
E) authoritarian democracy

Which of the following is NOT an example of an activity in the elections pathway?

A) fundraising for a political party
B) Campaigning for a political candidate
C) lobbying an elected official
D) voting
E) A voter registration drive

The judiciary in the United States is unique because judges

A) habe shorter terms of office in he U.S than in other countries.
B) have far less power than in other countries.
C) can only hear specific cases with Congressional approval.
D) are more subject to lobbyingand political pressure than in other countries.
E) have broader authority to order the government to take specific actions.

The court pathway is

A) inequitable.
B) expensive
C) easily accessible
D) all of the above

The pathway of action that generally requires the longest time to affect change is the pathway.

A) elections
B) lobbying
C) cultural change
D) grassroots mobilization
E) court-centered

The least direct pathway of action is the

A) cultural change pathway
B) court-centered pathway
C) lobbying pathway
D) grassroots mobilization pathway
E) elections pathway

successful grassroots mobilization campaigns require all of he following EXCEPT

A) extensive financial resources
B) publicity
C) organizational skill
D) committed activists
E) careful planning

According to data compiled by the U.S Census Bureau, which American population group is increasing most quickly in size?

A) Whites
B) Hispanics
C) Asians
D) African Americans
E) Native Americans

Alexis de Tocqueville, the French scholar who traveled the U.S, is the author of

A) Letter from a Birmingham Jail
B) Democracy in America
C) The Declaration of independence
D) Common Sense
E) Politics and Society in the U.S

Alexis de Tocqueville made his observations regarding American democraccy in the

A) nineteenth century
B) eighteenth century
C) twenty-first century
D) seventeenth century
E) twentieth century

Which of the following is NOT an element of stabillity in a political system>

A) powerful political culture
B) frequent changes in elected leadership
C) broadly accepted political and economic framework
D) the existence of a a variety of ways for citizens to seek and achieve policy implementation and change
E) All of the above

One of the main objectives of those who participated in the Constitutional Convention was to

A) ensure the maximum degree of liberty possible
B) guarantee the protection of private property
C) balance liberty and stability
D) weaken the power of the national government
E) ensure the maximum degree of stabillity possible

The constitutional convention met in May of for the purpose of revising the Articles of Confederation

At the Constitutional Convention, the New Jersey Plan was propsed by

A) William Paterson
B) Thomas Jefferson
C) Edmund Randolph
D) James Madison
E) Benjamin Franklin

Which of the following wasNOT a feature of the Virginia Plan at the Consittutional Convention
A) life terms for judges appointed by the legislature
B) a system whereby acts of the new national legislature would override state law
C) a multi-person executive council
D) a system of checks and balances
E) a council of Revision to review national and state laws

One of the main debates at the Constitutional Convention centered on the nature of representation in the national legislature. What were the two competing approaches to representation this debate?

A) citizenship-based vs. residency-based representation
B) direct democracy vs. representative democracy
C) federal vs. unitary democracy
D) citizen-based vs. interest-based representation
E) state-based vs. interest-based representation

The Three-Fifths Comrpmise

Article 1, Section 9 of the Constitution prohibited Congress from

A) imposing a national income tax
B) undermining the power of the president
C) ending the slave trade
D) removing a sitting official from office
E) overturning the decisions of the states

A system of government in which political power and functions are divided among different layers of government, such as the national government and thestates, is referred to as a system

A) proportional representation
B) devolved unitary
C) confederal
D) unitary
E) federal

the poweres explicitly granted to the national government by the U.S Constitution are usually referred to as

A) relative poweres
B) horizontal powers
C) expressed powers
D) implied powers
E) distributive powers

The Constitution can be amended by two- thirds vote in favor in both Houses of Congress and ratification by

A) three-quarters of the state legislatures
B) a two- thirds majority of the population in a national referendum
C) the president
D) the U.S Supreme Court
E) a simple majority of the population in a national referendum

which of the following powers in an example of a power possessed by Congress which ascts as a check on the Courts?

A) declaring laws unconstitutional
B) creating lower federal courts
C) nominating judges for the courts
D) investigating presidential actions
E) paying judges salaries

The most well- known author of the Federalist papers, responsibile for writing Federalist Paper no. 10 and 51 was

1) Benjamin Franklin
b) Alexander jamililton
c) John Jay
d) James Madison
e) Thomas Jefferson

The most visible disagreement between the Federalists and Anti- Federalists centered on the issue of

A) how long members of Congress would serve
B) who would be eleced president
C) how Supreme Court Justices would be chosen
D) the Constitutional amendment process
E) whether representation should cover the entire republic or be based on the interests and needs of the states

California's climate and geography have shaped all but which of the following aspects of the satat?

A) its government policies
B) its social and economic development
C) its technology
D) its business policies
d) all of the above are correct

Native Californian society:

A) was openly hostile to European settlers
B) was warlike and aggressive
C) there were no native Californians prior to the Gold Rush
D) had a small population
E) was well-adapted to its surroundings

The most lucrative export(s) for Spanish settlements in California

A) was gold
B) were oranges
C) were animal hides
D) were cotton and rice
E) was oil
e) there were no native Californians prior to the Gold Rush

The mission system's impact on native Californians was:

A) minimal
B) to limit their freedom, but foster an increase in their population
C) to force many of them to provide labor for Spain in other colonies
D) profoundly negative in terms of their freedom of movement, land use, and health.
E) positive in the sense that it enable their survival

the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo did all of the following EXCEPT:

A) make California a U.S state
B) pay mexico $15 million
C) transfer 40% of mexico's territory to the united states
D) transfer California to the U.S
E) end the Mexican- American War

Many Californios and mexican settlers lost their land and property rights due to:

A) the treay of guadalupe hidalgo
B) the expension of the mission system
C) the bear flage rebellion
D) the civil war
E) the gold rush of 1840

The delegaes to california's first constitutional convention

A) created a state government with broad and almost unlimited powers
B) included six Californios
C) based their work on Mexico's political systm
D) were all white settlers
E) created a quasi- military system

The big four were:

The 1879 Constitution's ability to address political and economic inequality was hindered by:
A) the lack of education of the constitutional delegates
B) powerful lobbying of special interest groups
C) the need to compromise between diverging interests
D) all of the above

The benefits World War II brought to California helped:

A) the rich exclusively
B) some groups more than others
C) all californians equally
D) immigrants in particular
E) the poor exclusively

The leader of the Workingmen's Party was

A) Leland Stanford
B) Hiram Johnson
C) Denis Kearney
D) Frank Norris
E) Robert Haas

The Bracero Program

The state legislature first and foremost wants to craft a budget that

A) reflects the realities of the economyh
B) runs a surplus to close the state's structural budget gap.
C) will cater to their constituents and special interest groups who helped elect them.
D) balances revenue with expenditures
E) limits the state governmnet's role in the economy.
.

The biggest area of thestate's general fund expenditure is

Which of the following is backed by the "full faith and credit" of the state government?

A) Revenue bonds
B) General obligation bonds
C) Lease- revenue bonds.
D) all of the above
Only A and B

Most of the states revenue is deposited into the:

A) state fund
B) government fund
C) tax fund
D) general fund
E) revenue fund