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Arthropoda
- "joint foot"
- largest phyllum
- chitinous exoskeleton
- jointed apendages
- segmented appendages
- tagmosis
- compound eye
- coelom reduction
- open circ. system
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Arthropoda subphylums
- Trilobita "three lobed"
- Chelicerata "horn"
- Mandipulata "mandibles"
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Trilobita
- "three lobed"
- extinct
- marine
- body divided into a cephalon, thorax, and pygidium
- compound eye
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Chelicerata
- "horn"
- 2 tagma: cephalothorax and abdomen
- no antennas
- chilicera (1st appendage) after mouth
- pedipalos (2nd appendage)
- 4 pairs of thoracic appendages
- 3 extant classes
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Chelicerata classes
- Arachnida "spider"
- Merostomata "part mouth"
- Pycnogonid "gony knee"
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Mandibulata
- "mandibles"
- argest and most varied arthropod group
- mandibles (jaws)
- antennas
- distinct tagma encased on hardened head capsule
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Mandipulata groups
- Crustacea "crust"
- Uniramia "unbranched legs" / Tracheata "trachea"
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Crustacea
- "crust" shell
- aquatic
- 2p antennas
- 3 pairs of mouthparts(pair of maxillipeds, maxillae, )
- 5 pairs of appendages for walking (include swimmerets)
- 1p compound eyes
- tagmosis on trunk
- biramous segmental appendages
- setae (chitonous hairs)
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Tracheata / Uniramia
- "trachea" / "unirama"
- terrestrial, few aquatic
- breath by trachea
- uniramous = single branching appendage
- 1p of antennae
- 2p of mouthparts (single pairs of mandibles and maxillae)
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Trachea subclasses
- Hexapoda "6 legged"/ insecta "insect"
- Myriopoda "million legs"
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Hexapoda
- "6 legged"
- terrestrial, some fresh water
- small size
- wings
- metamorphosis
- 1p antenna
- 1p mandibles
- 2p maxilla
- 2 clades
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Myriopoda
- "million legs"
- centipedes millipedes ect
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Hexapoda classes
- Apterygota "wingless insect"
- Pterygota "winged insect"
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Apterygota
- "wingless insects"
- direct developement
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Pterygota
- "winged insects"
- can be exopterygotes or endopterygotes
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Pterygotes subclasses
- Exopterygotes "wings out"
- -hemimetaboulus development
- -larva similar to adult
- -external wing buds
- ex:dragonflie, crickets, termites
- Endopterygotes "wings in"
- -holometabolous
- -larva distinct from adult (pupa)
- -internal wing bud
- ex:butterfly, moths, bees, flies
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Metameric
multiple segments
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Tagmosis
fusion of body segments
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maxillas
- hexapoda
- feathery
- sweeps food into the mouth
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ecdysis
shedding exoskeleton
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exopod
- crustaceans
- The external branch of the appendages
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serial homology
regional modification of segmental appendages
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branchial chamber
- crustacea
- Area between body and carapace enclosing branchiae
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acron
- bears the eyes of the arthropod
-
nauplis
larvea form of crustacean
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labrum
- hexapoda
- upper lip made of exoskeleton
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malpighian tubules
- Terrestrial arthropod
- takes in gas and nitrogenous wastes
- released out the anus w/ fecal matter.
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metamorphosis
distinct larval vs. life history stradegies
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pedipalps
- chelicerates
- appendage that aids in pushing food into mouth
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ommatidia
- Hexapoda
- compound eyes with multiple units
- each eye acts as a pixel
-
apodeme
- internal projection of exoskeleton
- site of muscular attachment
- aids in movement and digestion
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endopod vs. uropods
- endopod - anthropod appendage for walking (uniramium)
- uropod - posterior appendages for swimming (crustaceans)
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cephalothorax
- fused head and thorax
- Crustaceans
- Chelicerates
-
telson
- crustacean
- terminal end of abdomen
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labium
- hexapoda
- upper lip
- 2nd maxilla fused and rigid
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hemimetabolous vs. holometabolous
- hexapoda
- hemimetabolous - larval form is adult form
- holometabolous - larval form to adult form
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book lungs
- arachnida
- chambers with leaf-like plates for exchanging gases
-
hemocoel
fluid filled cavity in open circ. system
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antennas
sense organs with extreme sensitivity
-
compound eye
multiple eyes (each eye acts like a pixel)
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chitin
primary ingredient in exoskeletons in arthropods
-
cheliped
pincer-like claw
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biramous vs uniramous
- uniramous:single series of segments attached end-to-end
- biramous:each branch consists of a series of segments attached end-to-end
-
zoea
- larval stage of crustaceans
- contain all body segments
- may lack appendages
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head capsule
hardened head shell
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tracheal tubes
- uniramia/treachids
- branching networks of hollow air conducting tubes such that air is sent to every cell within the tissue
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chelicera
- Chelicerates
- first pair of modified feeding structures
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Autotomy
- self amputation
- regenerating lost segments during subsequent molts
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