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What is the meaning of Anterior (ventral)?
Towards the front of the body
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What is the meaning of Posterior (Dorsal)?
Towards the back of the body
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What is the meaning of Superior (cephalic)?
Towards the head
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What is the meaning of Interior (caudal)?
Towards the bottom of the feet
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What is the meaning of Lateral?
Further from the median plane
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Whats is the meaning of Medial?
Closer to the median plane
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What is the meaning of Distal?
Further from the origin or attachment
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What is the meaning of Proximal?
Nearer from the origin or attachment
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What is the meaning of Superficial?
Towards the surface of the body part
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What is the meaning of Deep?
Towards the center of the body part
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Anatomical planes
Where is the Sagittal plane located?
Its a vertical plane which passes from ventral (front) to dorsal (rear) dividing the body into right and left halves.
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Where is the Frontal (coronal) plane located?
It lies vertically and divides the body into anterior and posterior parts
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Where is the Transverse (horizontal) plane located?
It runs horizontally from right to left, dividing the body into superior and interior parts
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Where is the Dorsal (Posterior) Cavity & Organs located?
Its subdivided into a cranial cavity, which lies in the skull and encases the brain
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Where is the Ventral (Anterior) Cavities & Organs located?
The more anterior and larger of the closed body cavities such as the lungs, heart, intestines, and kidneys
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Epithelial tissue
Describe Simple Squamous and it's function and location?
- Description- Single layer of flattened cells
- Function- Allows passage of materials by diffusion and filtration
- Location- Kidney glomeruli
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Describe Simple Cuboidal and it's function and location?
- Description- Its a single layer of cubelike cells
- Function- Secretion and absorptions
- Location- Kidney tubules
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Describe Simple Columnar and it's function and location?
- Description- Single layer of tall cells
- Function- Absorption; secretion of mucus, enzymes and other substances
- Location- Stomach to anal canal
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Describe Stratified Squamous and its function and location?
- Description- Thick membrane composed of several cell layers
- Function- Protects undying tissues in areas subjected to abrasion
- Location- The esophagus and mouth
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Describe Pseudostratified Columnar and its function and location?
- Description- Single layer of cells of different heights
- Function- Secretion, particularly of mucus
- Location- Trachea
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Describe Transitional Epithelium and it's function and location?
- Description- Resembles both stratified squamous and stratified cuboidal
- Function- Stretches readily and permits distension of urinary organ by contained urine
- Location- Lines the ureters, bladder, and part of the urethra
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Connective Tissue
Describe Loose Areolar Connective Tissue and its function and location?
- Description- Gel-like matrix with all three fiber types
- Function- Wraps and cushions organs
- Location- Widely distributed under epithelia of the body
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Describe Adipose Tissue and its function and location?
- Description- Matrix as in areolar, but very sparse; closely packed adipocytes
- Function- Provides reserved food fuel
- Location- Under skin in the hypodermis
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Describe Reticular Connective Tissue and its function and location?
- Description- Network of reticular fibers in typical loose ground substance
- Function- Fibers forms a soft internal skeleton (stroma) that supports other cell types including white blood cells
- Location- Lymphoid organs (spleen)
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Describe Dense Regular Connective Tissue?
Usually run in the same direction, parallel to the direction of pull
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Describe Dense Irregular Connective Tissue?
Its similar to areolar tissue, but its collagen fibers are much thicker
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Describe Hyaline Cartilage and it's function and location?
- Description- Amorphous but firm matrix
- Function- Supports and reinforces; has resists cushioning properties
- Location- Forms most of the embryonic skeleton; covers the ends of long bones
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Describe Elastic Cartilage and it's function and location?
- Description- Similar to hyaline cartilage but more elastic fibers in matrix
- Function- Maintains the shape of a structure while allowing great flexibility
- Location- Supports the external ear
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Describe Fibrocartilage and it's function and location?
- Description-Matrix similar to but less firm than that in hyaline cartilage; thick collagen fibers predominate
- Function- Tensile strength with the ability to absorb compressive shock
- Location- Intervertebral discs
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Describe Osseous bone tissue and its function and location?
- Description-Hard, calcified matrix containing many collagen fibers
- Function- Bone support and protects (by enclosing); provides levers for the muscles to act on
- Location- Bones
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Describe Blood and it's function and location?
- Description- Red and white blood cells in a fluid matrix (plasma)
- Function- Transport of respiratory gases, nutrients, wastes, and other substances
- Location- Contained within blood vessels
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Describe Skeletal Muscle and what is it's function and location?
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