AP Gov. Court Cases

A Right to Privacy

Prohibited the use of contraceptives

Violated The right to martial privacy

Federal Courts have jurisdiction to decide cases between a State and citizens of another State

States not immune to law suit

Superseded by 11th Amendment

Established principle of Judicial review

Made Supreme Court an equal partner in the governing process with Congress and President

Strengthens Contract Clause 

Contracts are binding and States may not interfere

Constitution grants Congress implied powers for implementing Constitution's powers

Federal Supremacy: States can't tax federal institutions

Powers to tax is power to destroy

Indians are not really separate contries

John Marshall: ward to its guardian

Georgia's laws have no effect on the Cherokee nation because they are a distinct community

• Indians are semi-autonomous and can stay on land

Power to regulate interstate commerce granted to Congress by the Commerce Clause

Federal Government only regulates interstate commerce

Upheld Property right over human rights an made the Missouri Compromise line of 1820 unconstitutional

• Freedom of religion means to hold an opinion or belief, not to take subversive action to good order.
• (Mormons can't have multiple wives.)

Established concept of separate but equal facilities

Court limited free speech in time of war

1st amendment guarantees were not absolute

"clear and Present danger"

Court ruled that wiretaps were legal.

Blacks were eluded from the jury pool because of their race

Scottsboro boys

A compulsory flag salute violated the 1st Amendment

The need to protect against espionage outweighed Korematsu's individual rights

Ended the segregation of public schools

Evidence obtained in violation of the fourth amendment, which protests against unreasonable searches and seizures may not be used in any court

Court founded school prayer violated Establishment Clause of the first constitution, and should be barred from schools

Federal government can oversee redistricting for equal representation

A lawyer must be provided to those charged with a felony even if they can't pay

Forbade schools from participating in all religious activity

Established the actual malice standard which has to be met before press reports about those in the public eye can be considered to be defamation and libel

The power to Congress to promote interstate commerce

Also includes the power to regulate local activities that may have a harmful effect on the commerce

Accused individuals have the right to remain silent and must be informed of their rights

Overturned Olmstead and authorities must have a warrant to search for phones

The Government's action must have a legislative purpose

The government's action must not have an effect on an advancing of inhibiting religion

The government's action must not result in excessive government entanglement with religion

Students do not abandon civil liberties at the school house gate

Government cannot punish inflammatory speech unless it is directed to inciting or likely to incite lawless actions

Made it possible to publish the classified Pentagon Papers without risk of government censure

Busing was a appropriate remedy for the problem of racial imbalance among schools

Upheld the right to terminate pregnancy within the first 90 days

Created a Reasonable Suspicion rule for school searches and eased restrictions to which searches by public authorities are ordinarily subject

A school newspaper is primarily a tool used for learning, not for expression of free speech of ideas

Prohibited the death penalty for a person who as under the age 16 at the time of the crime

Forbade the execution of the who were under 18 at the time of the crime commited

Imposed restrictions on the use of state funds, facilities, and employees in performing or assisting with abortions

The court ruled Texas law unconstitutional that prohibited the desecration of Texas and United States flags

The Court upheld the authority of states to demand clear and convincing evidence of an injured person's wish to die

Cities can seize private land then turn property over to private developers for economic development

Gives the special interests and their lobbyists even more power in Washington while undermining the influence of average Americans