Network+ (Chapter 7)

Protocol in which messages consist of a single packet and are connectionless.  ICMP packets determine connectivity between two hosts.

Part of the TCP/IP protocol suite, operates at Layer 4 (Transport) of the OSI seven-layer model.  TCP is a connection-oriented protocol.

A protocol used by some older applications, most prominently TFTP(Trivial FTP), to transfer files, UDP datagrams are both simpler and smaller than TCP segments, and they do most of the behind-the-scenes work in a TCP/IP network.

Extremely fast protocol used for network file transfers on the World Wide Web.

A protocol in the TCP/IP suite used with the command-line utility of the same name to determine the MAC address that corresponds to a particular IP address.

Method of categorizing IP address in order to distribute them.

Basic component of communication over a network.  A group of bits of fixed maximum size and well-defined format that is switched and transmitted as a complete whole through a network.  It contains source and destination address, data, and control information.

Taking a single class of IP addresses and chopping it into multiple smaller groups.