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Application Layer
The foundation upon which all TCP/IP Application layer services rest is a request/reply message architecture,in which clients send requests and servers issue corresponding replies
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TCP/IP finds computer though which 3 levels of addresses?
- 1.Port Address (transport layer)
- 2. Logical/IP Address (inter network layer)
- 3. Physical/link/MAC Address (Network Access Layer)
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A 48 bit long number represented by 12 hexadecimal characters burned into a network card (NIC card)
Physical/Hardware/Mac Address
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what are the 2 versions of IP and their bit size and type
- 1. IP version 4 (IPv6) - 32 bit numerical
- 2. IP version 6 (IPv6) - 128 bit hexadecimal
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What are the classes in IPv4 and their IP range?
- A - 0.0.0.0 to 127.255.255.255
- B - 128.0.0.0 to 191.255.255.255
- C - 192.0.0.0 to 223.255.255.255
- D - 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255
- E - 240.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.255
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What are the of networks and number of host within a network each class can have
- class A networks 126 host 16,777,214
- class B networks 16,384 host 65,534
- class C networks 2,097,152 host 254
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What are classes D and E used for IPv6
- D - milticast
- E - reservered
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Which service is in charged of providing IP Addresses for computers for a given amount of time?
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
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Contains a list of host names, aliases, and corresponding IP address
Host Files
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Maintains a list of unique names (not addresses) assigned to network resources –Files, Services, Users, Computers, workgroups, domains
NetBIOS
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Plain text files that lists NetBIOS name to IP addresses
Lan Manager Hosts (LMHosts)
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Provides a hierarchical name space that maps to IP addresses. Eliminates need for Hosts/LMHOSTS files and WINS servers for name resolution.
Domain Name Service (DNS)
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Used to transfer files to/from File Server
File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
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Used to deliver virtually all files and other data on the World Wide Web
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
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Allows internal addresses (behind firewall/router) to be unknown to external networks [HIDES internal ip addressing] ; translates many to many ip addresses
Network Access Translation (NAT)
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Translates different IP port numbers to a singleip address
Port Address Translation (PAT)
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