hear cases that are brought by an agency against alleged violators of agency rules
Adversarial System
both parties provide their arguments to an impartial party, usually a judge or jury
Affirmative Defenses
legal defenses that must be proven by the defendant
Answer
response to complaint, usually must be filed within 20 days
Appeal
getting the decision reviewed by an appellate court after dissatisfaction with the loss of a case; must submit a list of alleged errors
Appellee
non-appealing party that files a brief response trying to show the appellant is incorrect
Arbitration
third party makes decision that is legally binding and assigns certain parts to each side; not easily appealed by any means
Beyond a Reasonable Doubt
necessary in criminal court to prove liability
Brief
list of alleged errors committed in a trial
Complaint
also called a petition; filed by plaintiff and begins lawsuit; must allege facts necessary to establish jurisdiction and provide a short statement of the ultimate facts to be proved, applicable law, and remedy requested