CSET 1: History Glossary

man-made channel constructed to convey water from one location to another

brief attempt at the beginning of the Mexican-American War to est. an independent CA republic

code of knights in feudal Japan, equivalent of chivalry in Europe

"sacred expedition" in which 21 Spanish Catholic missions were est, spaced to be a single day's travel apart on El Camino real (the Royal Road)

residents of the rancho system in CA just before the Mexican-American war, mainly comprised of Mexican citizen who identified more as Californios than as Mexicans

an economic system regulated by the state that encourages the accumulation of wealth n property of individuals

division of society based on differences of wealth, inherited rank or privilege, profession, or occupation

federal water project undertaken by the Bureau of Reclamation in 1935 as a long-term plan to effectively use water in CA's central valley

written into the Constitution, this concept is one of the cornerstones of our republic, encompassing 3 branches of govt and a system for them to act as watchdogs for the others

to sail completely around the Earth

first known written legal code, developed in ancient Babylon, predated the Justinian Code by about 2,000 yrs

economic system in which the states controls the means of production and distributes the profits

Spanish explorers that sought riches in central and So. America, est. colonies along the way

Japanese feudal lord

1 of the first 2 political parties in the US, lead by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison; opposed the Federalist party n was strongly in favor of individual rights

social science dealing w/ the production, distribution, consumption of goods n services

proclamation made by President Lincoln in 1863 freeing all slaves in regions still fighting against the Union

branch of the system of checks and balances that sees that the country's laws are executed

system of govt consisting of a number of self-governing regions (states) united by a central (federal) govt

series of articles written in 1787 by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, John Jay to gain popular support for the then-proposed constitution

social, economic, political system in which pwr is decentralized, n a varying number of lords hold land on which they allow to live n work in return for loyalty n service

land held by lords under the feudal system

nickname for the influx of people that arrived in CA, starting in 1849, in search of gold

minor but influential political party in the pre-civil war period that opposed the extension of slavery into the western territories

1907 treaty w/ Japan that allowed wives to join their husbands in the US on the condition that the Japanese govt deny exit visas to any men wishing to emigrate to the states

religious revival in the colonies during the first part of the 18th century

decision made by the Constitutional congress splitting Congress into 2 houses, one based on population (house of Reps), and one based on equal representation (Senate)

early society in which men hunted for meat and women gathered more readily available food

process that gives individual citizens, or grps of citizens, pwer to place a proposed law on a ballot

Brit reaction to the Boston Tea Party, including more rigid restrictions on colonial town meetings n other harsh penalties

branch of the system of checks n balances that interprets Congressional laws

considered to be the basis for the justice systems in use throughout much of the western world, including the US

basic economic principle stating that if supply is greater than demand, the value of a product is lower; if demand is greater than supply, the value is higher

branch of the system of checks n balances that makes Congressional laws

1803 purchase made by Pres Thomas Jefferson that essentially doubled the US territory

1845 encapsulating the American vision of western expansion

practice of state regulation and control of an economy

1820 legislation that tried to resolve the conflicts raised by the addition of new territories as either slave or non-slave owning areas

worship of only one god

concept espoused by southerners following the Missouri Compromise that would have given so. states the right to refuse to obey laws they did not agree w/

term used to describe the central pacific railroad's monopoly for having an arm in practically every sector of CA's commerce

religious grp who had broken way from the Church o England, first relocating to Holland to escape persecution then setting sail in the fall of 1620 to become the first settlers to arrive in MA

direct democracy

forts built by the Spanish to offer protection to CA's missionaries n settlers during period of violent revolt by native workers

towns based around CA's missions n presidios, built around a church n a town square

land allotment system defined by a few large landowners n many landless workers

mechanism for ending an elected official's tenure before its scheduled completion

Pres Lincoln's first priority after the Civil war to reconcile the warring sides n rebuild areas affected by war

statute or amendment that has passed the state legislature, which is then placed the proposed law on a ballot fro approval by the electorate

religious belief in which, after physical death, a rebirth in another body occurs, a central tenet of Hinduism among other religions

internment camps that held people of Japanese descent during WWII

French word meaning rebirth; the name given to the flowering of European culture at the end of the Medieval period

self-given right of the 7 states of the lower South to leave the Union if they so desired

philosophy, along w/ election rules, that was designed to deny blacks the right to vote after reconstruction ended

peasants who work on land in a feudal system

in feudal Japan, equivalent of a medieval European king

nickname for the so. part of the SF in no. CA, originally referring to the concentration of silicon chip innovators and manufacturers, but eventually referring to the entire concentration of all types of high-tech businesses

an economic system in which workers control the means of production n share in the profits of their labor

plan created by Pres Lincoln before his assassination, n carried out by his successor, Andrew Johnson, stating that a state could be readmitted to the Union if 10% of the former Confederates in the state who had voted in the 1860 election vowed loyalty to the Union

initial rule in the Constitution stating that in state population counts, each slave would count for 3/5 of a free person

equivalent of a knight in the feudal system