viewing differences amoung groups in society that causes members of one group to view other groups as strangers
ingroup
stranger phenomenon
groups towards which individuals feel loyalty or closeness
outgroup
stranger phenomenon
those groups toward which they feel anatgonisms
categoric knowing
classification of others on the basis of limited information
sociological perspective
understanding human behavior by placing it in its border social context
social inequality
a social condition in which privileges and obligations are given to some but denied to others
3 stages of social inequality
resistance
paralysis
rage
structural functionalism
society as a whole is made up of interrelated parts that work together
robert merton
functions- manifest and latent
dysfunctions
Conflict thoery
society composed of groups cometing for scarce resources
social sturcture is best understood in terms of conlifct or tensions between competing groups
Interactionsim
how people use symbols in everyday life
social constuction of reality
remains unclear in everyones mind
thomas theorem
definition of the situation
Dominant group
is social group that controls the political economic and cultural institutions in a society
subordinate group
a social group that lacks control of the political economic and cultural institutions in society
5 charactertistics of a minority/subordinate group
unequal treatment and less power
distinguishing physical or cultrual triats that the dominat group holds in low regard
involuntary membership or ascribed status
group solidairy- awarness of oppression
arital endogamy- in group marriage
Ethnocentrism
view of things in which ones own group is the center of everything
cultural relativism
evaluating beliefs in the context of that culture
xenophobia
dillingham flaw
an erroneous way of comparing people from one time period with people living in the present
prejudice
the tendency of individuals to think and feel in negative ways about members of other groups
ethnophaulism
discrimination
actual overt individual behavior
5 types of discrimination
genocide
expulsion
segregation
exclusion
selective inclusion
micro discrimination
individual
macro discrimation
institutional and structural
Types of discrimination
all weather liberal
fair weathered liberal
timid bigot
all weather bigot
biological determinism
asserts that races are distint and separte for bilogical and genetic reasons
race a social reality
yes!
race is symbolic category based on pehnotype or ancestry and constructed based on social and historical context
5 major racial groups
non hispnaic whites
hispanics
american indians
non hispanic blacks
asian
ethnicity
a shared lifestyle informed by cultural historical religious and or national affiliations
fluid
nationality
membership in a specific politically delineated territory controlled by a government
5 fallacies about racism
individualistic
legalistic
tokenistic
ahistorical
faxed
individual fallacy
racism is assumed to belong to the relam of ideas and prejudices
legalistic fallacy
assumes that bloshing racist laws effectively abolished racism
tokenistic fallacy
assumes the presence of people of color in influential positions is evidence that racism no longer exist
fixed fallacy
assumes racism is faxed and constant across time and space
ahistorical fallacy
racial domination
political social and economic power as well as the symbolic power to clasify one group as normal and the other as abnomal
intersectionality
racial domination intersects with gender class sexuality relgion nation overlapping system of advnatages and disadvantages
racism
the belief that humans are subdividde into distinct hereditary groups that are innately different in thoer socila behvior and mental capacities and can be ranked
ideology of racism
humans are dvidved naturally inyo different physical types
physical triats people display are related to thier culture, personality and intelligence
the difference amoung groups are innate - not changing
institutional racism
systemic white domination of people of color embedded and operating in universityes corporations ect
interpersonal racism
racial domination manifest in our dispositions interactions and practices
cultural racism
rest on the notion that the discrepancies in social achievement among ethnic groups are the result of cultural differences
symbolic violence
the process of people of color unknowlingly accepting and supporting the terms of thier own domination