Vocab list 1 test 1

the generalization of the results in a study

• method of solving problems that uses the following steps
• 1. defining problem
• 2. Hypothesis
• 3. gather data
• 4. analze data 5. interpreting data

• the part of the experiment being manipulated,
• also called experimental or treatment

• type of research that involves in-depth study and evaluation of available information in an attempt to explain complex phenomena
• 1.historical
• 2. philosophical
• 3 reviews
• 4. resource synthesis 

• type of research that involves the manipulation of treatments in an attempt to establish cause and effect relationships
• type of research that can manipulate treatments and establish a cause and effect

the extent to which the results for a study can be attributed to the treatments used in study

educated guess

• The effect of Independent variable
• yield 

• Does the seeing have enough of the real-world characteristics to allow generalization to reality 
• The research setting perceived by the research participant in the way intended by the experimenter 

• Goal: theory driven
• Approach : laboratory 
• deal with theoretical concepts, has no immediate concern with application  done just for knowledge

• Goal: immediate solutions
• Approach: real- world settings
• done with a specific question or application in mind

• Concerned with status
• to describe the status of the study's focus
• Common techniques are questionares  interviews, normative survey, case studies, job analysis, observational research 

• First hand source of data in research
• original study

Source of data in research in which an author has evaluated and summarized previous research 

Unorganized categories (gender, religion, party)

• Ordered categories
• Differences between adjacent scores are not equal
• Ranked order, cant quantify 

• difference between adjacent score are equal
• An arbitrary zero point
• ie number on a temperature scale, no fixed zero

• There is a fixed Zero
• i.e weight, height, cant go below zero

• Classification system for the types of variables that we encounter research
• 1Nominal 2Ordinal 3Interval 4Ratio

Research designs where different participants are allocated to each of the conditions of the study

Research designs where one group of participants takes part in all conditions of the study

• Study where participants are randomly assigned to an intervention and control condition and that includes blinding of all people likely to introduce bias in the study
• Gold standard

idea about phenomena of interest 

• Treatments and procedures which are based upon research evidence
• Looking at the available research on a given topic and subsequently basing plans, behaviors, and decisions

• a type of design where the researcher manipulates an independent variable to see what effect this has on a dependent variable
• best for establishing causal links between variables

variable that are not centered to your study, but which may be responsible for the effect

• Investigate differences between intact groups 
• i.e females males, those diagnosed with a disease compared to those without a disease

to get rid of bias in a study where half the participants are presented with one order of condition and the other half with the reverse order of condition

• designs which measure variable to see how they are related 
• the relationships between variables

what causes variable of interest to change?

variables that are made up of categories and involve frequency counts

variables that can take on any value on a scale and are not limited to whole numbers 

variables that are measured using a whole number scale 

process of deciding how to measure a concept 

measured concepts

Special language that is regularly used in a particular field but which may not be meaningful to people outside the field