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Sean's SULFONAMIDES

  1. THE SULFONAMIDES WORK PRIMARILY BY INHIBITING THIS VITAMIN SUBSTANCE IN BACTERIA?
    VITAMIN B9 OR FOLATE
  2. LIST THE STEPS OF THE FOLATE PATHWAY.
    • PABA
    • DIHYDROPTEROATE SYNTHASE
    • DIHYDROFOLIC ACID
    • DIHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE
    • TETRAHYDROFOLIC ACID
    • PURINES
    • DNA
  3. WHAT STEP ALONG THE FOLATE PATHWAY DO THE SULFONAMIDES WORK?
    THEY COMPETE WITH PABA
  4. WHAT STEP ALONG THE FOLATE PATHWAY DO THE PYRIMIDINES WORK?
    DIHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE
  5. LIST 3 FACTORS THAT ARE BELIEVED TO CONTRIBUTE TO THE INCREASED RESISTANCE TO SULFONAMIDES.
    • OVERPRODUCTION OF PABA
    • PRODUCTION OF FOLIC ACID-SYNTHESIZING ENZYME THAT HAS LOW AFFINITY FOR SULFONAMIDES
    • IMPAIRED PERMEABILITY TO THE SULFONAMIDES
  6. NAME THE 3 MAJOR CLASSES OF SULFONAMIDES AND GIVEN AN EXAMPLE OF EACH.
    • ORAL ABSORBABLE (BACTRIM DS)
    • ORAL NONABSORBABLE (SULFASALAZINE)
    • TOPICAL (SILVADENE)
  7. OF THE SULFONAMIDES, WHICH HAS THE LONGEST 1/2 LIFE?
    SULFADOXINE USED TO TREAT MALARIA. HAS A 7-9 DAY 1/2 LIFE
  8. SULFONAMIDES ARE ALMOST EXCLUSIVELY USED IN _________________ NOW?
    COMBINATION THERAPY
  9. NAME 3 ADVERSE REACTIONS ASSOCIATED WITH SULFONAMIDES.
    • FEVER
    • RASH
    • GI UPSET(N/V/D)
  10. WHAT SEVERE SKIN CONDITION IS ASSOCIATED WITH SULFONAMIDE USE?
    STEVENS JOHNSON SYNDROME
  11. WHAT HEMATOPOETIC PROBLEM IS ASSOCIATED WITH THE USE OF SULFONAMIDES?
    G6PD DEFICIENCY
  12. HOW DOES SULFONAMIDES CAUSE RENAL PROBLEMS?
    THEY CAN PRECIPITATE CAUSING OBSTRUCTION
  13. WHAT SERIOUS CONDITION IN NEWBORNS ASSOCIATED WITH IRREVERSIBLE BRAIN DAMAGE FROM HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA CAN SULFONAMIDES CAUSE?
    KERNICTERUS
  14. REGARDING PHARMACOKINETICS, WHAT IS THE RATIO OF SULFONAMIDE TO TRIMETHOPRIM? WHY?
    • 5:1
    • BECAUSE THE TRIMETHOPRIM IS ABSORBED BETTER
  15. TRIMETHOPRIM IS CONTRAINDICATED IN WHAT PATIENT POPULATION?
    INFANTS LESS THAN 2 MONTHS
  16. WHAT PREGNANCY CLASS OF MEDICATION DOES TRIMETHOPRIM FALL INTO?
    CLASS C
  17. NAME A MAJOR CLINICAL USE FOR THE TMP-SMZ IN RECENT YEARS.
    MRSA AND RESISTANT STRAINS OF PNEUMOCOCCI AND E. COLI
  18. NAME 3 CONDITIONS THAT ORAL PYRIMETHAMINE AND SULFONAMIDE MIGHT BE USED FOR?
    • LEISHMANIASIS
    • TOXOPLASMOSIS
    • MALARIA
  19. NAME 3 ADVERSE EFFECTS OF TMP-SMZ USE.
    • RASH
    • PHOTOSENSITIVITY
    • GI UPSET
  20. NAME 3 ADVERSE EFFECTS WITH TRIMETHOPRIM USE ALONE?
    • MEGALOBLASTIC ANEMIA
    • LEUKOPENIA
    • GRANULOCYTOPENIA
  21. NAME 3 MEDICATIONS THAT HAVE A PARTIAL CROSS-ALLERGENICITY WITH THE TMP-SMZ DRUGS?
    • DIURETICS
    • DIAZOXIDE
    • HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS
  22. THESE MEDICATIONS ARE SYNTHETIC FLUORINATED ANALOG OF NALIDIXIC ACID THAT INHIBIT DNA GYRASE.
    FLUOROQUINOLONES
  23. NALIDIXIC ACID DRUGS ARE CONSIDERED WHAT GENERATION OF FLUOROQUINOLONES?
    FIRST GENERATION
  24. WHICH OF THE FLUORONQUINOLONES IS NOT RENAL EXCRETED?
    MOXIFLOXACIN (HAS THE LONGEST 1/2 LIFE ALSO)
  25. THE LONGER 1/2 LIVES OF THE NEWER FLUORONQUINOLONES ALLOWS FOR THIS TYPE OF DOSING REGIMEN?
    ONCE DAILY DOSING
  26. WHAT PREGNANCY CLASS DO THE FLUOROQUINOLONES FALL INTO AND WHY?
    • CLASS C
    • CROSSES THE PLACENTA
  27. Divalent and trivalent cation products can impair absorption of oral fluoroquinolone requiring this type of medication administration alteration? (METALLICS--ANTACIDS)
    TAKE 2 HOURS BEFORE OR 4 HOURS AFTER
  28. NAME 2 CAUSAL FACTORS OF RESISTANCE TO FLUOROQUINOLONES.
    • MUTATION OF THE BINDING REGION OF TARGET ENZYME
    • MUTATION CAUSING A CHANGE IN PERMEABILITY OF THE ORGANISM
  29. OVERUSE OF FLUOROQUINOLONES CAN CAUSE RESISTANCE OF THESE 3 ORGANISMS?
    • STAPH
    • STREP
    • ENTEROCOCCUS
  30. NAME 3 CLINICAL INDICATIONS FOR THE USE OF FLUROQUINOLONES?
    • UTI
    • MULTI-DRUG RESISTANT ORGANISMS
    • BACTERIAL DIARRHEA
  31. NAME 3 ORGANISMS ASSOCIATED WITH ATYPICAL PNEUMONIA THAT FLUOROQUINOLONES ARE USED TO TREAT?
    • CHLAMYDIA
    • MYCOPLASMA
    • LEGIONELLA
  32. IN TERMS OF ANTIMICROBIAL TREATMENT TIMELINE, WHEN SHOULD FLUROQUINOLONES BE USED?
    THEY SHOULD BE CONSIDERED AS A LAST RESORT DUE TO COST AND SYSTEMIC IMPACT
  33. NAME 5 ADVERSE EFFECTS OF THE FLUROQUINOLONES.
    • GI UPSET
    • PROLONGED QT INTERVAL
    • TENDON RUPTURE (FOR OLDER PATIENTS AND WITH STEROIDS)
    • RISK OF SEIZURE
    • NOT GENERALLY USED FOR UNDER 18 YEAR OLDS ( DAMAGE GROWING CARTILAGE)
  34. CIPRO IS THE DRUG OF CHOICE FOR WHICH INFECTIOUS CONDITION?
    ANTHRAX
  35. KNOW THE SUMMARY CHART AT THE END OF LECTURE
Author
drtrouta
ID
198750
Card Set
Sean's SULFONAMIDES
Description
Sean's SULFONAMIDES
Updated

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