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Photosynthesis

  1. Photosynthesis
    • •Converts sunlight energy into
    • chemical energy (sugar)

    • •Uses water and carbon dioxide and
    • produces oxygen
  2. Light-dependent
    reactions
    Needs light to occur
  3. Needs light to occur
    Light dependent reactions
  4. Light-independent
    reactions (Calvin cycle)
    Does not need light to occur
  5. Pigments
    • –molecules
    • that absorb light energy

    • different
    • pigments absorb different wavelengths
  6. –molecules
    that absorb light energy

    different
    ones absorb different wavelengths
    Pigments
  7. –chlorophylls


    –carotenoids
    Type of pigments found in plants and green algae
  8. Type of pigments found in plants and green algae
    Chlorophylls and carotenoids
  9. phycobilins
    Type of pigment found in red algae and cyanobacteria.
  10. Chloroplast
    Organelle in green plants where photosynthesis takes place.
  11. Organelle in green plants where photosynthesis takes place.
    Chloroplast
  12. Absorption Spectrum
    • Plot of amount of light absorbed vs. wavelength
    • Image Upload 2
  13. Plot of amount of light absorbed vs. wavelength
    Absorption spectrum
  14. Action spectrum
    • Plot of the rate
    • of photosynthesis vs. wavelength
    • Image Upload 4
  15. Plot of the rate of photosynthesis vs. wavelength
    Action spectrum
  16. Which pigments are most effective at driving photosynthesis?
    Pigments that absorb blue and red photons
  17. Blue and red photons
    Pigments that absorb these are the most effective at driving photosynthesis.
  18. photons
    Little packets of light
  19. packets of light
    photon
  20. Type of pigment found in red algae and cyanobacteria.
    Phycoblin
  21. Carotenoids


    Accessory pigments

    • •Absorb light and pass
    • the energy on to
    • chlorophyll

    • •Extend the range of wavelengths
    • that can drive photosynthesis

    •Protect chlorophyll from damage
  22. •Accessory pigments

    •Absorb light and pass
    the energy on to
    chlorophyll

    •Extend the range of wavelengths
    that can drive photosynthesis

    •Protect chlorophyll from damage
    Carotenoids
  23. Excitation
    Get dem electrons excited with light!

    • •electron raised to higher energy
    • level

    • –Electron
    • can then release this energy
  24. Get dem electrons excited with light! •electron raised to higher energylevel–Electroncan then release this energy
    Excitation
  25. Photosystem
    • group
    • of chlorophyll molecules
  26. Group of chlorophyll molecules
    Photosystem
  27. Antenna complex
    • transfers
    • energy to reaction center
  28. transfers
    energy to reaction center
    Antenna complex
  29. Reaction
    center

    –transfers
    electrons to electron acceptor
  30. –transfers
    electrons to electron acceptor
    Reaction Center
  31. Two  photosystems that make up Light Dependent reactions
    • Photosystem 1 and photosystem 2
    • fucking creative.
  32. Photosystem 1 and photosystem 2
    Photosystems that make up light dependent reactions ( photosystem 2 happens first but was discovered second)
  33. What happens in photosystem 2?
    • passes
    • electrons to electron transport chain (ETC)
    • Electron transport chain moves
    • protons (H+) into thylakoid lumen
    • ATP gets made oxygen is made as waste product
    • protons and electrons are resupplied
  34. passeselectrons to electron transport chain (ETC)Electron transport chain movesprotons (H+) into thylakoid lumen
    ATP gets made
    Protones and electrons are resupplied
    Photosystem 2
  35. Pheophytin
    • –accepts
    • electron from reaction center

    • –passes
    • electrons to electron transport chain (ETC)
    •  (photosystem 2)
  36. –acceptselectron from reaction center–passeselectrons to electron transport chain (ETC) (photosystem 2)
    Pheophytin
  37. ETC (electron transport chain)
    • •moves protons (H+) into thylakoid lumen
    • (photosystem 2)
  38. •moves protons (H+) into thylakoid lumen(photosystem 2)
    ETC (electron transport Chain)
  39. ATP
    synthase
    • –enzyme
    • through which protons diffuse

    • –makes
    • ATP
    • (like in mitochondria)
  40. –enzyme
    through which protons diffuse

    –makes
    ATP
    (like in mitochondria)
    ATP synthase
  41. What happens in photosystem 1?
    •Electrons transferred to ETC

    Produces NADPH from NADP+
  42. NADPH
    Carries electrons
  43. Carries electrons
    NADPH
  44. Z scheme
    • links
    • photosystems I and II together
  45. links
    photosystems I and II together
    Z scheme
  46. Plastocyanin
    (PC):
    • •transfers electrons from
    • Photosystem II to Photosystem I
  47. •transfers electrons from
    Photosystem II to Photosystem I
    • Plastocyanin
    • (PC)
  48. Calvin Cycle
    Occurs in the chloroplast stroma


    • •Light-independent (but needs ATP and NADPH from
    • light-dependent reactions)
    • has 3 steps
  49. •Light-independent (but needs ATP and NADPH fromlight-dependent reactions)has 3 steps
    Calvin cycle
  50. 3 steps to the calvin cycle
    –Fixation

    –Reduction

    –Regeneration
  51. –Fixation

    –Reduction

    –Regeneration
    Three steps to the calvin cycle
  52. Fixation
    calvin cycle step 1

    • •CO2
    • added to ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP)

    • –catalyzed
    • by enzyme rubisco
  53. Calvin cycle step 1

    •CO2
    added to ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP)

    –catalyzed
    by enzyme rubisco
    Fixation
  54. Reduction
    • 2nd step in calvin cycle
    • (G3P) formed
  55. 2nd step in calvin cycle(G3P) formed
    Reduction
  56. Regeneration
    • •“extra” G3P used to regenerate RuBP
    • 3rd step in calvin cycle
  57. “extra” G3P used to regenerate RuBP
    Regeneration
  58. SUGAR PRODUCTION
    G3P converted to glucose and fructose
  59. G3P converted to glucose and fructose
    Sugar production
  60. Sucrose
    • disaccharide of glucose and
    • fructose

    • –transported
    • throughout plant
  61. •disaccharide of glucose and
    fructose

    –transported
    throughout plant
    Sucrose
  62. Starch
    storage polysaccharide of glucose
  63. storage polysaccharide of glucose
    Starch
  64. Photosynthesis
    ALTERNATIVES
    • c3
    • c4
    • cam
    • common in plants in hot dry habitats
  65. c3 c4 cam (common in plants in hot dry habitats)
    Photosynthesis alternatives
  66. C3
    3 carbon molecule (most studied.. so "normal")
  67. c4
    • carbon
    • fixation and Calvin cycle occur in different cells
  68. carbon
    fixation and Calvin cycle occur in different cells
    c4
  69. 3 carbon molecule (most studied or normal)
    c3
  70. carbon
    fixation and Calvin cycle separated in time
    Cam
  71. CAM
    • carbon
    • fixation and Calvin cycle separated in time
Author
yourmomhaslice
ID
198510
Card Set
Photosynthesis
Description
Lecture seven over photosynthesis (quiz 1)
Updated

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