Pharmacology Test 1

informed decision on the part of the patient not to adhere to or follow a therapeutic plan or suggestion

Descriptions of specific patient behaviors or responses that demonstrate meeting of or achievement of goals related to each nursing diagnosis

organizational framework for the practice of nursing

Implementation or fulfillment of a prescriber's or caregiver's prescribed course of treatment or therapeutic plan by a patient

Statements that are time specific and describe generally what is to be accomplished

Any preventable adverse drug event involving inappropriate medication use by a patient or health care professional

information available through the senses, such as what is seen, felt, heard, and smelled

all spoken info shared by the patient

This is the statement of the human response of the patient to illness, injury, medications, or significant change

This identifies factors related to a response

lists clues, cues, evidence, and/or data that support the nurse's claim

data collected , reviewed and analyzed; diagnosis formulated .

North American Nursing Diagnosis Association

visibility of nursing's contribution to patient care,  develops, refines, and classifies information ,supports for the improvement of quality nursing care through evidence-based practice,  provides a working organization for the development of evidence-based nursing diagnoses

• -record staffing problems
• record peers conflicts
• -mention incident report in charting
• -say “by mistake,” “by accident,” “accidentally,” “unintentional,” or “miscalculated
• -anything other than facts
• chart casual convo with peers
• -use negative languaga

health care professional licensed to prescribe medications

effects with combination of two or more drugs with similar actions is equivalent to the sum of the individual effects

undesirable occurrence related to administering or failing to administer a med

unexpected, unintended, undesired, or excessive response to a medication

 any undesirable effects that are a direct response to one or more drugs

 binds to and stimulates the activity of one or more receptors in the body

immunologic hypersensitivity reaction resulting from the unusual sensitivity to a medication

A drug that binds to and inhibits the activity of one or more receptors in the body

the effect of a combination of two or more drugs is less than the sum of the individual

measure of the extent of drug absorption for a given drug and route (0 to 100%)

One or more biochemical reactions involving a parent drug  (LIVER)

barrier system that restricts the passage of various chemicals and microscopic entities between blood  and CNS; allows O2 to pass

name that describes chemical composition and molecuklar structure

condtion that rnders a particular form of treatment(against it)

large class of enzymes that play a significant role in drug metabolism

state in which there is a compulsive or chronic need of drugs

solid drugs disentigrate in gi tract, soluble then absorbed in  circulation

chemical that affects the physiologic processes of a living organism

cellular processes involved in the interaction between a drug and body cells

 physiologic reactions of the body to a drug

development of congenital anomalies or defects in the developing fetus caused by the toxic effects of drugs

Alteration in the pharmacologic activity of a given drug caused by the presence of one or more additional drugs

length of time the concentration of a drug in the blood or tissues is sufficient to elicit a response

Protein molecules that catalyze one or more of a variety of biochemical reactions

The initial metabolism in the liver of a drug absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract

 name given to a drug by the United States Adopted Names Council

time required for half of an administered dose of drug to be eliminated by the body

 abnormal and unexpected response to a medication ; peculiar to an individual patient

two parenteral drugs or solutions to undergo a reaction when mixed

Within a joint

within a sheath

prescribing, dispensing, and administering of medications and monitor effects

 A chemical form of a drug that is the product of one or more biochemical (metabolic) reactions involving the parent drug ; active= pharmacologic activity , inactive = no  pharmacologic activity  

Time required for drug to elicit response

chemical form of a drug that is administered before it is metabolized by the body's biochem rxn

time required for a drug to reach its maximum therapeutic response

"HIGHEST BLOOD LEVEL "

maximum concentration of a drug in the body after administration (measured in blood sample)

• science of preparing and dispensing drugs
• * disentigrates then dissolution

study of the biochemical and physiologic interactions of drugs at their sites of activity

study of the influence of genetic factors on drug response

study of drugs that are obtained from natural plant and animal sources

rate of drug distribution among various body compartments after a drug has entered the body (absorption distribution metabolism excretion)

liquuids faster then enteric caps slower

study or science of drugs

txt of pathologic condition thru drugs

an inactive drug dosage form

molecular structure within or on the outer surface of a cell

 physiologic state in which the amount of drug removed via elimination is equal to the amount of drug absorbed

Substances (e.g., drugs or natural biochemicals in the body) on which an enzyme acts

effect of a combination of two or more drugs with similar actions is greater than the sum of the individual effects

measuring drug peak and trough levels, level of drug exposure

desired or intended effect of a particular medication

***A drug cannot make a cell or tissue perform a function it was not designed to perform***

ratio between the toxic and therapeutic concentrations of a drug

Reduced response to a drug after prolonged use

quality of being poisonous

condition of producing adverse bodily effects due to poisonous qualities

study of poisons, including toxic drug effects, and applicable treatments

commercial name given to a drug product by its manufacturer

lowest concentration of drug reached in the body after it falls from its peak level

"LOWEST BLOOD LEVEL"

disentigration and dissolution

absorption ,distribution and metabolism , excretion

drug receptor interaction

pharmaceutics, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics

Enternal, parenternal, topical

Tablets, capsules, pills, timed-release capsules, timed-release tablets, elixirs, suspensions, syrups, emulsions, solutions, lozenges or troches, rectal suppositories, sublingual or buccal tablets 

**absorbed rapidly into the bloodstream

Injectable forms, solutions, suspensions, emulsions, powders for reconstitution

*absorbed over a period of several hours;  IV rapid onset

Aerosols, ointments, creams, pastes, powders, solutions, foams, gels, transdermal patches, inhalers, rectal and vaginal suppositories

movement of a drug from site of administration into the bloodstream for distribution to the tissues

Hepatic arterial , Oral,  Portal venous and Rectal

Non -first pass (all intra-drugs, inhaled, sub drugs )

acetaminophen, caffeine, theophylline, warfarin

 ibuprofen, phenytoin

diazepam, naproxen, omeprazole, propranolol

codeine, fluoxetine, hydrocodone, metoprolol, oxycodone

acetaminophen, ethanol

acetaminophen, amiodarone, cyclosporine, diltiazem, ethinyl estradiol, indinavir, lidocaine

active energy-required  movment

passive movement of a substance; from high to low concentration

person over 65:

• *13% of the total population
• *recieve 30% of all prescription med
• *40% of all OTC drugs

younger than 1 month of age

 tool for estimating drug dosages using various body measurements

12 yrs old or younger

 use of many different drugs concurrently in treating a patient