HF

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What are the three types of HF
- right-side(cor pulmonale)
- left-side( CHF)
- high cardiac output
What causes cor pulmonale
- CHF
- MI
- pulmonary HTN
- ARDS
- COPD
What will you see with cor pulmonale
- Right=rest of body
- peripheral edema
What causes CHF
- HTN
- CAD
- valvular disease(mitral/aortic)
What will you see with CHF
- decreased tissue perfusion
- pulmonary edema
- left=lungs
What are the compensatory mechanisms for HF
- SNS stimulation
- Renin-angiotensin
- myocardial hypertrophy
- chemical responses
How does SNS stimulation help HF
- increased HR
- Increased BP
- increased CO
How does the Renin-angiotensin help with HF

vasconstriction and increased volume(Na+ & H2O reabsorbed)
Which two compensatory mechanisms for HF increase the hearts need for O2
- SNS stimulation
- Renin-angiotensin
How does myocardial hypertrophy help HF
- bigger muscle=more forceful contractions
- increased CO
What is a good indicator that the body has proper perfusion

kidneys, at least 30ml of urine output an hr(kidneys first effected by decreased perfusion)
When collecting a history for HF what things should you be mindful of
- DM
- HTN
- salt intake
- hyperlipidemia
- obestity
- fluid retention
- processes that contribute to HF
- sleeping/breathing patterns
- pillows for sleep
What are s/s of CHF
- impaired tissue perfusion
- pulmonary congestion
- weakness/fatigue
- dizzy/acute confusion
- SOB
- olguria
Upon auscultation what would you hear in a pt with CHF
- wet lungs
- S3
- crackles
What are s/s for cor pulmonale
- peripheral edema
- distended neck veins
- ascities
- dependent pitting edema
What are the psychosocial concerns for HF patients
- anxiety(can't breath), frustration leads to anxiety
- Depression-life-style changes from disease process
What lab values are looked at for HF
- electrolytes
- CBC-H&H
- BNP
- urinalysis
- ABG
when trying to get rid of edema what should you do

give albumin then diuresis(only if protein deficiency is an issue)
What imaging is done for HF pt
- CXR(shows cardiomegaly, pleural effusion, pulmonary congestion)
- echocardiogram(Best tool for HF)
Why is echocardiogram the best tool for showing HF
- nonivasive
- shows valve changes
- pericardial effusions
- chamber enlargement
- hypertrophy
- measures EF

Author

tville01

198425

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Updated

2013-02-06T19:35:13Z