-
Mastigophera
- Trichomonas
- Giardia
- Histomonas
- Leishmania
- Trypanosoma
-
Nagana
- T. congolense
- T. vivax
- T. brucei brucei
-
Nagana symptoms
- loss of meat/milk production
- muscle wasting
- anemia
-
fly that transmits trypanasoma
tsetse fly
-
trypanocides
- samorin, berenil
- insecticides for fly control
-
T. equiperdum
- "Dirty Dourine"
- transmitted sexually in horses
-
Life cycle
- Metacyclics- pre-adapted to life in mammal
- • Long slender bloodstream forms
- • Short stumpy forms- pre-adapted to life in fly
- • Procyclics in fly gut
- • Epimastigote in salivary glands
-
Nemataocera
- small flies
- only female parasitic
- piercing-sucking mouthparts
-
culicoides
- biting midges
- females need blood meal for egg development
-
Culicoides vectors for:
- blue tongue virus
- african horse sickness
-
simullidae
- black flies
- vector for onchocerca
- one species of importance Simulium
-
Simulium pathology
- painful bites disturb grazing/feeding
- mass swarm cause anaphylaxis
-
Simulium vector for:
- horse and cow onchocerca
- eastern equine encephalitis (arbovirus)
-
Psychodidae
- sand flies
- one species of importance Phlebotomine
-
Phlebotomine vector for:
Leishmania in humans and dogs
-
Culicidae
- mosquitoes
- Adelopheles, Ades, Culex spp of importance
-
Adelopheles, Ades, Culex spp vectors of:
- heartworm in dogs
- avian malaria (humans)
-
Brachycera
Tabanidae (horse fly)
-
Tabanidae
- females blood feeders
- deep, painful bites
- mechanically transmit:
- anthrax
- pasteurellosis
- trypanosomiasis
- anaplasmosis
-
Cyclorrhapha
Muscidae (non-biting)
- Musca (house fly) and hydrotaea irritans
- cause fly worry
- mechanically transmit:
- anthrax
- mastitis causing bacteria
- conjuctivitis
-
Cyclorrhapha
Muscidae (biting)
Stomoxys - similar to musca but with piercing mouthparts instead of sponging mouthparts
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