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what is the main function of a carb?
feed the brain and nervous system
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what are a carbs chemical elements?
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carbs 3 major categories?
- monosaccharaides
- oligosaccharide
- polysaccharides
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what percentage of kcalories per day should come from carbs?
45%-65%
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what carbs are simple and why?
- monosaccharaides, disaccharides
- they are in the simplest form of sugars and easily broken down
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what carbs are complex and why?
- polysaccharides
- the are made up of many chains of simple sugars and take longer to be broken down
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what is the basic units of all carbs?
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list the 3 major monosaccharaides and an example of their source.
- glucose-blood sugar
- fructose-fruits
- galactose-end product of milk sugar
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list the 3 major disaccharides and an example or their source.
- lactose-milk sugar
- sucrose-table sugar
- maltose-grains
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list the major polysaccharides and an example of their source.
- glycogen-animal starch
- starch-tubers, roots, grains, legumes
- dextrin- metabolic process changing starch into sugar ex. toasting bread.
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list examples of polysaccharides that are known as fibers and are not completely digestible.
- cellulose-fruit and bean skin
- hemi cellulose-plant wall, cereal fiber
- pectins-forms gel in jelly, lemon rind
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what is the recommended intake of fiber per day?
20g-35g
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what is soluble fiber?
- dissolve in water to form a gel.
- beans, oatmeal
- slows digestion
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what is insoluble fiber?
- does no dissolve in water
- skins of corn, celery strings
- speeds up digestion
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list ways a person could increase the fiber in their diet
- eat more fruit and veggies
- cereals
- supplements
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what is the storage for of glucose in the body?
glycogen
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where is glycogen stored in he body?
- muscles
- liver
- in limited amounts
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