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Enteritis causes diarrhea which causes _____.
dehydration
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What is enteritis in rabbits often related to?
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How do we treat enteritis in rabbits?
supportive care
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What are some causes of enteritis in rabbits?
- Tyzzer's disease
- enterotoxemia (Clostridium difficile)
- other bacteria
- Coccidia
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What is another word for Trichobezoars?
hairballs
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What are the clinical signs of trichobezoars in rabbits?
- anorexia
- small dry feces
- may palpate mass or see mass on rads
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What is trichobezoars typically due to in rabbits?
due to limited fiber - not enough hay in the diet
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What is the treatment for trichobezoar?
- fluids are important to get the hairball to move through the digestive tract
- if hairball won't come out with fluids then surgery is the next option
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How do we prevent trichobezoars in rabbits?
decrease the pellets and increase the hay in the rabbits diet
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What is the purpose of stomach tubing a rabbit?
to provide fluids and food
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How long does recovery from a hairball usually take with rabbits?
3 - 5 days
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If anorexia is a clinical sign of trichobezoars in rabbits what do we need to be careful of?
lipidosis - fatty liver
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What syndromes do we see with Pasteurellosis in rabbits?
- rhinitis/URI
- pneumonia
- abscesses
- torticollis
- septicemia
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What is another term for rhinitis in rabbits?
snuffles
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What is the most common syndrome caused from Pasteurellosis?
rhinitis (snuffles)
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What is torticollis? And what typically causes this in rabbits?
- head tilt
- because pasteurella has gotten in the ear
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What types of rabbits are affected by pasteurellosis the most?
young rabbits
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How do we treat pasteurellosis in rabbits?
- antibiotics - TMS, baytril
- supportive therapy
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Which antibiotic do we need to be careful using to treat pasteurella in rabbits? Why?
- tilmicosin - used to treat pasteurellosis in cattle
- may work with a rabbit, but may also kill them
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What is rabbit syphylis due to?
Treponema cuniculi
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What is rabbit syphylis?
venereal diseases from breeding
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What are the clinical signs of rabbit syphylis?
raised, crusty, bloody ulcers on genitalia, perineum, and face
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How is rabbit syphylis spread?
by direct contact
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How do we treat rabbit syphylis?
penicillin
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What is Encephalitozoonosis? What bacteria causes this in rabbits?
protozoal disease caused by Encephalitozoon cunniculi
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What are the clinical signs of encephalitozoonosis in rabbits?
- acute head tilt in rabbits < 2 years old
- progressing to progressive posterior paresis (will lose control of limbs)
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How do we diagnose encephalitozoonosis in rabbits?
- look for antibodies
- diagnose with history
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What is Myxomatosis in rabbits?
viral disease seen in wild rabbits in the western United States and seen in domestic animals in Europe
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How is Myxomatosis spread in rabbits?
mosquitoes
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What are the clinical signs of myxomatosis in rabbits?
- masses
- conjunctivitis if the masses are around the eyes
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Where do we usually see sore hocks on rabbits?
on ventral metatarsal area
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What usually causes sore hocks in rabbits?
heavy rabbits kept on wire
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How do we treat sore hocks in rabbits?
- treat as wounds
- place on solid floor
- use dry bedding
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Why do we need to treat sore hocks in rabbits immediately?
there is not a lot of soft tissue on the feet of rabbits and can easily wear down to the bone
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When is uterine adenocarcinoma seen in rabbits?
does over 5 years old
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Why do we need to spay our rabbits?
to prevent uterine adenocarcinoma
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How do we diagnose uterine adenocarcinoma in rabbits?
- palpable mass in abdomen
- check thorax for metastasis
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Is heat stroke common in rabbits?
yes, especially the ones that are outside
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When is heat stroke worse in rabbits?
when they are pregnant or obese
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What are the signs of heat stroke in rabbits?
- see salivation
- may lick from legs
- seizures
- prostration
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If a client calls the clinic and says their rabbit is having a heat stroke, what should we tell them?
don't tell them to come into the clinic because the rabbit may die before they get there and to implement treatment at home such as slowly cooling the rabbit off with fans and cool water
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What are the types of dental diseases in rabbits?
- malocclusion
- congenital
- acquired due to trauma
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What are most dental diseases usually due to in rabbits?
poor diet - feeding too much pellets
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What are the signs of dental disease in rabbits?
- anorexia
- salivating
- weight loss
- skin disorders from skin around mouth being wet all the time
- facial swelling
- dacrocystitis
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Where do we see malocclusions in rabbits?
their incisors
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What is malocclusion in rabbits usually due to?
often congenital or from trauma
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Can rabbits live without their incisors?
yes
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How do we treat malocclusions in rabbits?
- cut back or grind every 6 weeks
- may be removed
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What do normal rabbit teeth look like on a dental radiograph?
- zig zag occlusal surface
- roots well aligned
- tooth structure clear
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What do abnormal rabbit teeth look like on a dental radiograph?
- zig zag pattern missing
- lower roots elongated and misshapen
- alveolar bone lost
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When is pregnancy toxemia common in rabbits?
in obese does in late gestation
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What are the clinical sign of pregnancy toxemia in rabbits?
- weakness
- ataxia
- depression
- progresses to coma and death
- ketonuria
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What is ketonuria?
ketones in urine
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How do we treat pregnancy toxemia in rabbits?
give IV glucose and fluids
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Does red urine always mean there is blood in the rabbits urine?
no, sometimes rabbit's urine is red due to porphyrins
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What are the wild rabbit diseases?
- Tularemia: rabbit fever, rabbits usually appear normal but it can transmit it to humans, this disease is also seen as a threat to bioterrorism
- Calicivirus: rabbit enteritis, rabbit hemorrhagic fever, used to control rabbit population, started in china, high mortality rate
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What are the common surgeries done on rabbits?
- wound repair
- fracture repair
- gastrotomy
- OVH
- castration
- clip hair or use depilatory (chemical to remove hair)
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Why do we neuter rabbits?
- to decrease aggression
- to prevent pregnancy
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How do we castrate rabbits?
- incise over testicle or in front
- close inguinal ring to prevent intestines from falling in and causing a hernia
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