Nutrition 1020

• • Standards to guide safe & adequate intakes of essential nutrients for healthy humans.
• – Sick individuals have different needs.

• The year 2001, 2002, 2004 revision values were designed to promote optimal function & health for healthy people.

• Are specific for groups of people based on: life stage, gender, conditions of pregnancy & lactation.

• Are adequate for moderately active people.

• By scientific committee literature review.

• Nutrients are given an Recommended Dietary Allowance(RDA), Adequate Intake (AI), or Estimated Average Requirement(EAR) value by life stage & gender.

level to meet 97-98% of needs

average or mean intake level

average daily nutrient intake level estimated to meet the requirement of half the

• • Tolerable upper intake levels (UL) for vitamins& minerals.
• – Highest intake level likely to pose no risk of adverse health effects.

• • Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges(AMDR) for energy producing nutrients &essential fatty acids.
• – % Calorie range.

• Estimated Energy Requirement (EER) for Calories.

• DRI for physical activity.

• • Vitamins
• • Minerals
• • Water

• The adult DRI for protein is set at 0.8 grams/Kg.This level is for inactive persons.

• See appendix for gram/Kg need for infants,children, and adolescents.

• • Although not DRIs: Active persons need more than the DRI, approximately 1.2 - 1.6 grams/Kg.
• Endurance athletes need more than the DRI,approximately 1.8-2.0 grams/Kg.

• • Is calculated from formulas (See Appendix).
• • Is set as an EAR and is the called the estimated energy requirement (EER).
• • The EER is based on age, gender, and physical activity.
• • The formulas require height in meters and weight in kilograms.

• Carbohydrate: At least 130 gm/day for adults

• • Fiber: M 38 gm/d F 25 gm/d, [adults]
•     • 1.4 gm/100 Calories consumed

• FAT: not determined for adults

• • Essential Fatty Acids:
• • Linoleic Acid:M17  F12 [adults, gm/d ]
• • Alpha-Linolenic Acid: M 1.6   F 1.1 [adults, gm/d ]

• There is a DRI for exercise!

• It is 60 minutes cumulative moderate exercise per day.

• That means moving body parts and sweating while you are doing it.

• In 2004 the DRI was published for Water and the Electrolytes (Na, Cl, and K)

• Sodium (Na): 1.5 gm if 19-50 years Sodium

• Chloride (NaCl): 19-50 years 3.8 gm (3.8 gm NaCl – 1.5 gm Na = 2.3 gm/day of Cl)

• Potassium (K): 4.7 gm/day if >18

• Water: 2.7 L/day if F  3.7 L/day if M

• For vitamins with DRIs

• For minerals with DRIs

• For arsenic, boron,nickel, silicon, vanadium

• • Cholesterol
• • Sulfur (sulfate)
• • Cobalt
• • Non-essential, nutritional supplements

to achieve nutritional balance and health in the population.

• in nutrition assessment, meal planning, health care, research, food industry, national defense, food programs, public policy, etc.