MODA drugs (6)

• Synthetic antibiotic
• Sulfa drug

• Synthetic antibiotic
• Fluoroquinolone

• β-lactam antibiotic
• Inihibts PG cross-linking transpeptidases
• Pneumonia, septicaemia, bronchitis
• Bactericidal

• Antibiotics
• Treatment of bronchitis, pnuemonia, meningitis

• β-lactam antibiotic
• Moderate spectrum

Polyene antibiotic

• Antibiotic
• Inhibits cell wall biosynthesis
• Inhibits pyruvyl transferase

• Cyclic peptide antibiotic
• Forms tight complex with Mg²⁺ and bactoprenol pyrophosphate
• Inhibits regeneration of lipid carrier (so biosynthesis of PG)

• Glycopeptide antibiotic
• Binds to pentapeptidyl tails in PG subunit

• Antibiotic
• Targeted to the 30s subunit

• Antibiotic
• Targeted to the 30s subunit

• Antibiotic
• Targeted to the 50s subunit

• Purine analogue
• Upon activation by viral thymidine kinase, phosphorylated compound inhibits viral DNA polymerase.
• Present in Zovirax creams against herpes simplex infections of the skin and mucous membranes.

• Blocks the function of M2 ion channel protein involved in nucleocapsid uncoating of influenza virus
• Is used predominantly in prophylaxis, Influenza A infections. Not effective against Influenza B virus

• Prodrug of the biologically active metabolite dihydroartemisinin
• Mode of action might be based on the production of oxygenradicals.

anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody

• Antimalarial 4-aminoquinoline drug
• inhibits heme polymerisation in food vacuole of Plasmodium

Platinum-based drug used to treat various types of cancers

• natural product from streptomycete
• ß-lactamase inhibitor
• combination with amoxicillin = augmentin

• combination of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim
• withdrawn - Stevens-Johnson syndrome, severe fatal allergic reaction.
• used in AIDS patients with fungal infections.

• nitrogen mustard alkylating agent
• prodrug converted in the liver
• Used in the treatment of lymphomas

• anthracycline antibiotic that intercalates in DNA.
• It is structurally closely related to daunomycin
• often administered by local injection

small molecule ligand that inhibits EGFR tyrosine kinase

• 14-membered macrolide antibiotic
• binds to 23SrRNA in 50S subunit, blocks the polypeptide exit tunnel.
• second-line drug for patients allergic to penicillin.

• inhibitor of the enzyme topoisomerase II
• used in the treatment of lung cancer, testicular cancer, lymphoma, and non-lymphocyticleukaemia

• combination of sulfadoxin and pyrimethamine
• analogous to co-trimoxazole
• Used in the treatment of P.falciparum malaria

• triazole antifungal drug
• inhibits ergosterol biosynthesis
• often used in the treatment of athlete’s foot and vaginal candidiasis

• oral anti-androgen drug primarily used to treat prostate cancer
• competes with testosterone for binding to androgen receptors in the prostate gland
• prevents their stimulation of growth of prostate cancer cells.

• inhibits elongation factor G, and hence movement of the 30S subunit by one codon along the mRNA
• Used against staphylococcal infections

• Decapeptide analogue of gonadotropin-releasing hormone
• results in the down-regulation of testosterone and estrogen production.

• 2-phenylaminopyrimidine derivative that functions as a specific inhibitor of tyrosine kinase enzymes
• used in treating chronic myeloidleukemia, and gastrointestinal stromal tumours

• used in the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis
• inhibits the biosynthesis of mycolic acids in the cell envelope of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

• adjuvant used in cancer chemotherapy involving the drugmethotrexate
• also used in combination with 5-fluorouracil.

• ß-lactam antibiotics
• inhibits peptidoglycan-crosslinking transpeptidase enzymes by covalent and irreversible binding

• antimetabolite and antifolate drug
• acts by inhibiting the metabolism of folic acid
• replaced aminopterin.

• imidazole antifungal and antiprotozoal drug.
• inhibits ergosterol biosynthesis

• aziridine-containing antibiotic
• alkylates and cross-links DNA, preventing strand separation during DNA replication

• anthracycline agent used in the treatment of certain types of cancer
• mostly metastatic breast cancer, acute myeloid leukemia, and non-Hodgkin'slymphoma.

• anti-HIV drug
• non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor.

• synthetic corticosteroid prodrug that is converted by the liver into prednisolone
• inhibits growth of lymphocytes in leukemias.

• inhibits dihydrofolate reductase in Plasmodium.
• Analogue ofthe antibiotic trimethoprim

• binds to β subunit of the DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, inhibits initiation of RNA synthesis
• often used to treat infections by Mycobacterium.

inhibitor of HIV protease

• sulfa drug that inhibits dihydropteroate synthase in Plasmodium
• Analogue of the antibiotic sulfamethoxazole

• For human trypanosomiasis. 
• therapeutic index is much higher than that of melarsen.
• might act on glycolytic enzymes

• orally-active oestrogen receptor antagonist
• used in the treatment of breast cancer

• taxanes
• mitoticinhibitor used to treat patients with lung, ovarian, breast cancer, head and neck cancer and advanced forms of Kaposi's sarcoma

• topoisomerase I inhibitor
• Is used to treat ovarian cancer and lungcancer.

anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody

inhibits dihydrofolate reductase in the biosynthesis of tetrahydrofolate

• cyclic peptide antibiotic that binds K+
• and facilitates K+ diffusion across the membrane

vinca alkaloid and an anti-mitotic drug used to treat Hodgkin'slymphoma, non-small cell lung cancer, breast cancer and testicular cancer

inhibit neuraminidase- plays an essential role in the release of the virion progeny from infected cells, and that assists in the movement of the virus particles through respiratory tract

• reverse transcriptase inhibitor
• thymidine analogue.