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The endocrine system assists the nervous system in _______ and plays important roles in ______ & _______ maturation.
- Homeostasis
- Growth & Sexual
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Where does the Endocrine System and Nervous System meet?
Hypothalamus & Pituitary Gland.
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The ___________ governs the pituitary and is turn controlled by the feedback of hormones in the blood.
hypothalamus
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___________ are chemical messengers that control the growth, differentiation, and metabolism of specific target cells.
Hormones
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What are the 2 major groups of hormones?
Steroid & Non-steroid hormones
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_________ hormones enter the target cells ad have a direct effect on the DNA of the nucleus.
Steroid
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Some _________ hormones are protein hormones.
Non-steroid
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Many protein hormones remain at the cell ______ and act as a second messenger, usually AMP (Adenosine Monophosphate)
surface
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Most hormones affect cell activity by altering the rate of ________ _________.
Protein Synthesis
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Why are the endocrine glands grouped together as a system?
because all of them have the same function, to produce hormones.
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What other organs produce hormones as well?
- Stomach
- Small Intestine
- Kidneys
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Multiple hormones are released during _____ from the adrenal cortex, the hypothalamus, and the anterior & posterior pituitary.
Stress
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During stress, the adrenal cortex releases _____ which reduces inflammation, raises the blood sugar levels, and inhibits the release of histamine.
Cortisol
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What gland is nicknamed the master gland?
Pituitary
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The pituitary gland is attached to the hypothalamus by a stalk called the ....
Infundibulum
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The pituitary gland has 2 major portions:
- Anterior Lobe (Adrenohypophysis)
- Posterior Lobe (Neurohypophysis)
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Hormones released by the anterior lobe are called _______ hormones because they act mainly on other endocrine glands.
Tropic
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What are the hormones released by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland:
- Somatotropic hormone (STH) or Growth hormone (GH)
- Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
- Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
- Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
- Luteinizing hormone (LH)
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What hormones are released from the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland:
- Oxytocin (Labor hormone)
- Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
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Name the main Endocrine glands:
- Pituitary Gland
- Pineal
- Hypothalamus
- Thyroid
- Parathyroid
- Thymus
- Adrenals
- Pancreas
- Gonads (Ovaries & Testes)
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