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Two major groups of tissue
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Germ
- Reproductive cells
- (ovum & sperm)
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Somatic
- All other tissue
- (Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, Nerve)
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Epithelial tissue characteristics
- Exposed (apical/free) surface
- No intercellular space=no marix
- Attached to underlying connective tissue
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Epithelial tissue cell shapes
- squamous
- Columnar
- Cuboidal
- Transitional
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Columnar
- Column shaped
- Has cillia on free surface
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Transitional
- surface cells are rounded and binucleated
- **No slide of this is available in lab
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Simple layering
one cell layer thick
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Stratified
more than one layer thick
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Pseudostratified
false layering, appears stratified, but all cells touch base layer
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Transitional
Stratified, deeper layers are cuboidal/columnar
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Simple squamous epithelial function
- diffusion
- filtration
- absorbtion
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Simple squamous epithelial location
- Alveoli
- blood vessels
- serous membrane
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Stratified squamous epithelial function
- protection
- physical barriar
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Stratified squamous epithelial location
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Simple cuboidal epithelial function
-
Simple cuboidal epithelial location
- kidney tubules
- glandular ducts
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Simple columnar epithelial function
- Absorption
- Mucus secretion
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Simple columnar epithelial location
lining of stomach, intestine, colon, uterus
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pseudo stratified ciliated columnar epithelial function
mucus secetion
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pseudo stratified ciliated columnar epithelial location
lining of trachea
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Transitional epithelial function
Permits stretching and distention with recoil
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Transitional epithelial location
urinary bladder
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Connective tissue characteristics
has intercellular spaces filled with matrix
-
-
semi solid matrix
cartilige
-
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three sub categories of connective tissue
- connective tissue proper
- supportive connective
- vascular connective
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connective tissue proper
- Areolar/loose connective
- Adipose connective
- Reticular connective
- Dense/Fibrous connective
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supportive connective
- Hyaline cartilage
- Elastic cartilage
- Fibrocartilage
- Bone/osseous connective
-
vascular connective
Blood lymph
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types of fibers
- collagenous
- elastic
- reticular
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Collagenous fibers
white, thick, thogh, and strong
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Elastic fibers
thin and elastic (very distinct)
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Reticular fibers
Delicate, branched, and jagged in apperance
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Types of cells in connective tissue
- fibroblast
- mast cells
- mesenchymal
- macrophages
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fibroblast
produce fibers
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mast cells
produce histamine and heparin
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Mesenchymal
Unspecialized
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Vascular connective tissue cell types
- erythrocytes
- leukocytes
- thrombocytes
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erythrocytes
- anucleated and biconcave
- transport oxygen to cells
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leukocytes
- nucleaed
- immunity against microorganisms
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thrombocytes
- cell fragments
- function in clotting process
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cartilage
lacunae in matrix contain cartilage cells (chondrocytes)
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hyaline cartilage
- long oval masses
- most abundant type of cartilage
-
elastic cartilage
- often arranged in bands
- ver little matrix between lacunae
- felible but strong due to elastic fibers
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fibrocartialge
- contains numerous collagenous fibers in matrix
- lacunae often arranged in rows
-
bones
compact and spongy bones
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Areolar/Loose connective proper function
- wraps/ cushions organs
- fills internal spaces
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Areolar/Loose connective proper location
- deep in epithelia
- surrounds capillaries
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Adipose connective tissue proper function
- insulation
- energy storage
- cushioning
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Adipose connective tissue proper location
- hypodermis
- behind eyeball
- around kidney
- breast
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Reticular connective tissue proper function
forms framework for other cells
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Reticular connective tissue proper location
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Hyaline supportive cartilage function
- support
- cushioning
- reinforcement
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Hyaline supportive cartilage location
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Elastic supportive cartilage function
rigidity with flexibility
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Elastic supportive cartilage location
ear
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Fibrocartilage supportive function
cushioning
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Fibrocartilage supportive location
interveertebral disks
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bone supportive tissue function
- support
- leverage
- protection
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bone supportive tissue location
skeleton
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