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Phylum platyhelminthes
- Class Turbellaria
- Class Monogenea
- Class Fecampiida
- Class Cestoda
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Syndesmis
- Strongylocentrotus franciscanus~Occupies anterior half of gut~tannish colored worm
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Suborder Dalyelloidea
- SyndesmisSyndisyrinx fraciscanus
- *near center of the body the uterus contains one egg capsule that is elongated posteriorly into a long filament*
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Suborder Temnocephalida
*Finger like tentables at the anterior end of the body and an adhesive sucker at the posterior end*
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Syndisrinx franciscanus
- Strongylocentrotus franciscanus
- ~bright red worm
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Anoplodium
- Stichopus sp (local sea cucumber)
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CLASS MONOGENEA
- SyndesmisSyndisyrinx fraciscanus
- *near center of the body the uterus contains one egg capsule that is elongated posteriorly into a long filament*
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CLASS MONOGENEA (organisms)
- Diclidophora merlanch
- Diplozoon sp
- Gryodactylus sp
- Microcotyle sp.
- Rajobchocotyl sp
- Sphyranura sp.
- Udonella caligorum
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CLASS MONOGENEA (info)
- ~high degree of host specificity
- ~have well-developed attachment organs- haptors
- *have elaborate attachment structures*~monoecious
- ~have ciliated egg stages- oncomiracidium (free-swimming larvae form)
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Class Monogenea
Diclidophora
- Gills of whiting (cod)
- Note: Nervous system of suckers
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Class Monogenea
Diplozoon
- ~Gill parasites of marine fishes
- ~ permanently pair in host (ensures x-fert)
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Class Monogenea
Gyrodactylus
- ~Gills and skin of freshwater fish
- 100x
- Note: Two anchors and many hooks.
- Example: Polyembryony, ovoviviparous
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Class Monogenea
Rajonchocotyle
- Gills of skate Raja rhina
- ~each sucker has strong hook and prominent musculature
- ~note: 6 suckers
- DS
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Class Monogenea
Sphyranura
- Mudpuppy100x
- ~Note: 2 acetabula and anchors on opisthaptor
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Class Monogenea
Udonella caligorium
- Caligoid copepod~hyperparasite
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Class Fecampiida
Kronborgia sp.
- Gnathophausia ingens (other crustaceans)
- ~Example of parasitoid, parasitic castrator and protelean parasite.
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Class Fecampiida
Bdelloura
- Gills of horseshoe crab
- DS
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CLASS TREMATODA (orders)
- SUBCLASS DIGENEA
- ORDER PLAGIORIFORMES
- ORDER ECHINOSTOMATIFORMES
- ORDER OPISTORCHIFORMES
- ORDER STRIGEIFORMES
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DIGENEA (info)
- ~most are equippied with two muscular suckers- largest is acetabulum- located on ventral surface
- ~digenea refers to the alternation of hosts with asexual repro occurring in intermediate hosts
- ~1st IH- usually snail
- ~DH always a vertebrate
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Order Plagiorchiformes (orgs)
- Prosthogonimus macrorchis
- Dicrocoelium dendrititcum
- Paragonimus westermanii
- Nanophyetus salmincola
- Microphallus opacus
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Order Plagiorchiformes (info)
- ~one of the most common digeen taxa in wild animal dissections
- ~all use snails as 1st IH
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Order Plagiorchiformes
Paragonimus westermanii
- DH: Carnivorous mammals
- 2IH: Crabs/crayfish
- DS
- Example of trophic transmission
- Note: Lobed testis posterior to flowery ovary
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Order Plagorchiformes
Dicroncoelium dendriticum
- Bile duct of sheep and cattle
- 2IH: Metacercariae on brain of ants
- 40x
- ~Example of behavior modification
- ~testes are anterior to ovary
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Order Plagorchiformes
Plagorchid fluke
- Found in mouth of cotton-mouth moccasin
- 40x
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Order Plagorchiformes
Nanophyetus salmnicola
- 2IH: Metacercariae in Salmon kidney
- 100x
- ~Vector for canine rickettsial disease (salmon poisoning)
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Order Plagorchiformes
Microphallus opacus
- DH: Crayfish, rather than a vertebrate definitive host
- 40x
- ~Example of Progenetic (adult occurs in a host species that is typically an intermediate host)
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ORDER ECHINOSTOMATIFORMES (orgs)
- Echinostoma liei
- Echinostoma revolutum
- Fasciola hepatica
- Fasciolopsis buski
- Gasterodiscus augypticus
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ORDER ECHINOSTOMATIFORMES (info)
- ~most have a well developed collar of spines around mouth
- *eggs are exceptionally large*
- ~ovary is anterior to testes
- ~1st IH usually snail
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Order Echinostomatiformes
Echinostoma liei
- Mus musculus
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Order Echinostomatiformes
Echinostoma revolutum
- mammals and birds
- DS
- Note: Stacked testes with anterior ovary, also collar of spines, large cirrus sac, long esophagus, smaller eggs than E.liei
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Family Fasciolidae
- Fasciola hepatica
- Fasciolopsis buski
- ~large, leaf-shaped parasites of mammals, primarily herbivores
- ~liver of DH
- ~No 2nd IH
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Order Echinostomatiformes
Fasciola hepatica
- Bile ducts of sheep, goats, cattle, other mammals
- Note: Cephalic cone (anterior), high level of branching (ovary w/ testis posterior, cecum, and vitellaria), cercaria encyst in water
- *large size and extreme branching of almost every organ system*
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Order Echinostomatiformes
Fasciolopsis buski
- ~most common human intestinal trematode
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Superfamily Paramphistomoidea
- Gasterodiscus egypticus
- ~parasites of mammals, esp. herbivores
- ~no 2nd IH
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Order Echinostomatiformes
Family Fasciolidae
Superfamily Paramphistomoidea
Gastrodicus aegypticus
- ~Note: Amphistome (posterior sucker), pear shape. In jar in lab and on lining of water buffalo intestine.
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Order Opisthorchiformes
Opisthorchis sinensis
- ~Liver parasite of people in Asia, intensity dependent pathology, reservoir hosts are dogs and cats.
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ORDER STRIGEIFORMES (info)
- ~cercariae have forked tails
- ~usually dioecious
- ~1st IH and DH only
- ~adult worms live permanently in copula within host
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ORDER STRIGEIFORMES (orgs)
- Schistosoma mansoni
- Schistosoma japonicum
- Heterobilharzia americana
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Order Strigeiformes
Schistosoma mansoni (f)
- IH- Snails (Biomphalaria)
- DH- humans
- 40x
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Order Strigeiformes
Schistosoma mansoni (m)
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Order Strigeiformes
Heterobilharzia americana
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Prosthegonimus macrorchis
- oviduct of domestic fowl
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Miracidium
- ~larval stage that develops within the egg produced by the adult fluke in the DH
- ~infective to 1ST IH
- ~ciliated
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Sporocyst
- ~primary (mother) sporocyst gives rise to a second generation asexually
- ~second generation may be daugher sporocytes or rediae
- embryos with the daugher sprocysts may produce another genration of sporocysts, rediae, or cercaria
- ~ no pharynx* or digestive system
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Redia
- ~have rudimentary digestive system - mouth, pharynx, and short unbranded gut
- ~usually aggressive
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Cercaria
- ~asexually produced by sporocysts or rediae
- ~free-swimming, sperm-like creatures that encyst (next host, or suitible substrate) or penetrate the DH
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Metacercaria
- ~encysted larval stage
- ~infective to DH
- ~always trophic transfer to DH
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Metacercaria of Euhaplorchis califroniencis (EUHA)
- Fundulus parvipinnis
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Order Strigeiformes
S. mansoni egg
- Note large spine
- 400x
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Order Strigeiformes
S. haematobium egg
- Note small terminal spine
- 400x
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Strigeiformes
S. japonium egg
- note very small spine
- 400x
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Dissection
Cerithidea californica
- Euhaplorchis californiensis
- Himasthla rhigedana
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Dissection
Biomphalaria glabrata
found different life stages (metacercaria, cercaria, redia)
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"Mesozoa"
- Phylum Dicyemida
- Phylum Orthonectida
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Phylum Dicyemida
- Class Rhombozoa
- Dicyemennea sp.-
- Octopus kidney
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Phylum Orthonectida
- Ciliocincta sp.- polychaete Sabellaria
- Rhopalura linei- marine nemertean worms
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Phylum Orthonectida (info)
- marine inverts including nemerteans, brittle stars, annelids, turbellarians, and molluscshave ciliated "jacket cells"
- most castrate their host
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Phylum Platyhelminthes
Class Cestoidea
Subclass Cestodaria (orgs)
- Amphilina sp.
- Gyrocotyle sp
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Subclass Cestodaria
Amphilina sp.
- SturgeonsEvolved by progenesis fro mpleuroceroid-like larvae of extinct types of pseudophylid
- Reproductive system is unlike nay other tapeworm - eveolved independently from reproductive systems of adult worms
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Subclass Cestodaria
Gyrocotyle sp.
- Hydroloaus collei (ratfish)
- frilly margins and large posterior holdfast (rosette)Trypically live in pairs
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SUBCLASS EUCESTODA(orgs)
- Order Caryophyllidea
- Order Trypanorhyncha
- Order Tetraphyllidea
- Order Pseudophyllidea
- Order Cyclophyllidea
- Order Proteocephala
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Describe Class Eucestoda
- Polyzoic
- Hexacanth oncosphere larvae
- 3 body parts: scolex, neck, strobila
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Subclass Eucestoda
Order Caryophyllidea
- 1st IH- annelids
- DH- Freshwater fish
- 40x
- Simple blob-like scolex (without special features)
- Only order that is Monozoic
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Subclass Eucestoda
Order Trypanorhyncha
- Elasmobranchs
- Scolex with 4 eversible tentacles and 2 or 4 bothridia
- note tentacles, tenatcular bulbs, retractor muscles
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Suborder Eucestoda
Order Tetaphyllidea
- Elasmobranchs
- Family Onchobothriidae- 4 bothridia with hooks
- Family Phylloobothriidae- 4 bothridia without hooks
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SO Eucestoda
O Tetraphyllidea
F Onchobothriidae
- Elasmobranch
- 4 bothridia with hooks
- 100x
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