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continuous
characterization of development as a gradual, smooth process of change
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infant mortality rate
number of deaths per 1000 live births usually reported with reference to the age of 1 year
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infant school movement
an early 19th century movement imported to the US from Europe in which educators believed that children as young as 18 months could be educated and taught to read
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literary evidence
written information, including parents' diaries, and letters, childrearing advice written by ministers and doctors, and children's books
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material culture
physical evidence, such as toys, clothing, furniture, and works of art
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nature
biological factors influencing development
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nurture
environmental and experiential factors influencing development
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oblation
medieval European practice involving the permanent "donation" of an infant or young child to a monastery
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quantitative archival evidence
official sources of written information and data, including census data, tax records, and legislative and court records
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stagewise
characterization of development as occurring in distinct phases, with qualitative differences between stages
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