DS Reviewer

usual: income deprivation

basic needs approach: basic needs deprivation

access to health services and access to educational services > acquire income > acquire of basic needs 

• - bought
• - produced(under trade)
• - obtained through transfers
• - obtained through commons

commodities/ money obtained from other without anything given in exchange

e.g. ask, free tasting, feeding program

commodities for which there are no property rights or unenforced property rights

can be caused by a lack of food, though happened in placed where food was abundant

generally an inability to acquire food

1. health problems and problems with nature which affect direct producers

2. inability to access commons or depleting supply in commons could affect those who rely on this resource 

3. cessation of transfers could affect dependent individuals

Bangladesh famine of 1974

• Flood -->
• unemployment of rural laborers due to not being able to transplant rice activities -->
• starvation -->
• nervous food market and price rise-->widespread hunger -->affected food output--> reduced crop harvested

• 1. labor + nature + productive resources
• 2. cash crops/ commodities
• 3. labor
• 4. wage
• 5. assets
• 6. market
• 7. productive resources
• 8. food
• 9. demand/ price of 
• commodities, labor and assets

• supply/ price of 
• productive resources, food

1. not a commodity a community suffering from a famine can acquire

2. not part of the community's entitlements

commodities or service over which a person can exercise ownership or command

severe entitlement failure> famines

different sectors have different ways of acquiring food

different sectors have different sources of vulnerabilities to famine

• 1. labor + nature + productive resources
• 2. cash crops/ commodities
• 3. labor
• 4. wage
• 5. assets
• 6. productive resources
• 7. market 
• 8. shelter

• 1. severe basic needs deprivation
• 2. severe entitlements deprivation
• 3. inability to acquire basic needs

• Bengal in 1943: increase purchasing power of
• occupational groups, ruined real purchasing power of their money incomes may
• shrink sharply