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Italy: From Spanish to Austrian Rule
1530 and 1540
- a. 1530: Charles V defeated French armies Italyà became arbiter of Italy
- i. At first: happy to establish close ties with native Italian rulers and let them rule as long as they see him as dominant
- b. 1540: duchy of Milan given to son Philip II and all imperial rights over Italy transferred to Spanish monarchy
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I. Italy: From Spanish to Austrian Rule
Philip II
- a. Philip II’s reign (1556-1713)
- i. Spanish presence everywhere
- 1. Florence, Papal States, and Venice managed to maintain independent policies
- a. Papacy influence= oppressive in Italy as Catholic Counter-Reformation (through Inquisition, Index, and Jesuits) stifled all resistance to Catholic orthodoxy created by Council of Trent
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I. Italy: From Spanish to Austrian Rule
18th century
- a. 18th century: Italy suffered from struggles between France and Spain
- i. Austria, not France, benefited most from Spanish Succession War, who supplanted Spain as dominant power in Italy
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