History Exam

the study of human life and culture

the period before writing was developed.

items left behind by early peoples

the study of past societies through an analysis of what people have left behind

"wise human being"

"new stone"

keeping animals and growing food on a regular basis

who discovered the bones of a hominid 1.8 million years old at olduvai gorge?

A. Donald Johanson
B. Henry Jones, Jr.
C. Louis and Mary Leakey
D. Cecil B. DeMille

scientists believe that homo sapiens sapiens appeared ______ between 150,000 and 200,00 years ago.
A. Europe
B. Asia
C. Africa
D. North America

the paleolithic age is
A. not proven to have existed.
B. the period in which humans used simple stone tools.
C. usually known as the primitive age.
D. also called the new stone age.

who were the first humans to learn to deliberately make fires?
A. Canadians
B. the neolithic peoples
C. cave people
D. Homo erectus

the real change in the neolithic revolution was the
A. discovery of new caves
B. shift from hunting and gathering to systematic agriculture.
C. movement away from eating just fruits and grains to eating met.
D. developemet of bowls and spoons.

the ability to acquire food on a regular basis meant that humans
A. had less control over their environment
B. could use animals as pets.
C. could use fire to cook their food.
D. could give up their nomadic ways of life and begin to live in the settled communities.

the use of metals marked the end of the neolithic age and a
A. new level of human control over the environment and its resources.
B. complete abandonment of other tools.
C. beginning to the metal age.
D. movement away from agriculture.

a government by divine authority

a large political unit or state, usually under a single leader, that controls many peoples or territories

"wedge-shaped" writing

the religion of the israelites

used terror as an instrument of warfare

farming in ancient mesopotamia resulted in an abundance of food, which
A. caused overpopulation.
B. often rotted, causing illness.
C. enabled civilization to emerge.
D. produced inflation.

hammurabi is remembered for
A. overthrowing the akkadian empire.
B. creating a post office.
C. inventing the first wooden bicycle.
D. his law code, a collection of laws for mesopotamian society.

the history of egypt begins around 3100 b.c. when
A. a volcano at giza erupted.
B. the nile river flooded.
C. Menes united upper and lower egypt.
D. the first pyramid collapsed.

what are the ten lost tribes?
A. scattered israelite tribes
B. the sea peoples.
C. egyptian traders.
D. ten cities.

unlike other religions of the time, in the jewish tradition, political leaders
A. were required to burn the sacred texts after they read them.
B. often gave up their beliefs and adopted the religion of their conquerors.
C. could not claim they alone knew the will of god, since the jewish teachings were written down for anyone to read.
D. were believed to be directly descended from god, and therefore almost gods themselves.

which leader of the persian empire extended it to become the largest empire the world had yet seen?
A. Marc Antony
B. Nebuchadnezzar
C. Darius
D. Moses

which of the following elements contributed to the efficient system of communication that was crucial to sustaining the persian empire?
A. well maintained roads and way stations that provided, shelter and fresh horses for officials.
B. an alphabet that was made up of 33 letters that represented the sounds of speech.
C. trained dogs that carried messages to the king from as far as 500 miles away.
D. a complicated series of smoke signals.

hindu divine law

trade route between roman empire and china

"way"

checked on government officials to make sure they were doing their jobs

papermaking invented during their rule

had a vast army made of terra cotta buried with him

who were the aryans?
A. the distant relatives of the harappans
B. the first religious leaders of india.
C. indo european nomadic peoples who created a new indian society.
D. founders of buddhism

the buddha believed that suffering is caused by
A. spending money foolishly.
B. not living according to the will and laws of god.
C. demons.
D. attachment to the things in this world.

which of the following is generally considered to be the greatest ruler in the history of india?
A. mahatma gandhi
B. asoka
C. sudras
D. chandragupta maurya

historians of china have traditionally dated the beginning of chinese civilization to the 
A. founding of the xia dynasty about which little is known.
B. founding of the shang dyhasty which was quickly replaces by the zhou dynasty.
C. building of the first long canal.
D. birth of confucius.

one element of the confucian view of the dao is
A. the idea of humanity consisting of a sense of compassion and empathy for others.
B. that a strong police force is needed to maintain order and stability.
C. the idea that humans are evil by nature and can only be brought to the right path by harsh laws and stiff punishments.
D. that selfishness is a virtue.

in 1974 farmers digging a well about 35 miles east of xian discovered
A. the lost city of beijing.
B. the ruins of a xiongnu temple.
C. a water mill,
D. an army of terra cotta warriors.

greek hero from the illiad

rule by the few

playwright who wrote oedipus rex

ruled by phillip 2

"to imitate greeks"

shouted "eureka!" after discovering specific gravity

homers illiad and the odyssey were
A. epic poems.
B. immense paintings.
C. two immense ships.
D. statues of the gods.

at thermopylae pass, the spartan troops
A. refused to fight, because many had relatives in the opposing army.
B. were especiaslly brave, even thought the greek army was vastly outnumbered.
C. were defeated easily, earning a legacy of shame.
D. were all poisoned by the enemy.

who said that "the unexamined life is not worth living"?
A. aristotle
B. zenos
C. euripides
D. socrates

according to greek religion the gods lived
A. on olympus.
B. on the moon.
C. in natural objects such as rocks, trees, and streams.
D. within the hearts of the people who worshipped them.

which of the following is considered by many historians today to be the greatest historian of the ancient world?
A. euripides
B. plato
C. arstotle
D. thucydides

the mathematician euclid wrote the elements which was a 
A. textbook on plane geometry that has been used up to modern times.
B. revolutionary exploration of art, including the value of painting.
C. discussion of specific gravity, which he discovered while in his bath.
D. treartise on the geometry of spheres and cylinders.

according to the philosophy of stoicism,
A. life could only be complete when it was centered on the basic ideal of friendship.
B. happiness was the goal of life, and the way to achieve it was the pursuit of pleasure, the only true good.
C. happiness could only be found when people gained inner peace by living in harmony with the will of god.
D. gaining material wealth brings happiness.

a form of government in which the leader is not a monarch and certain citizens can vote

great landowners who became romes ruling class

assassinated by a group of leading senators

first roman emperor

gladiator who led a massive slave revolt

advocated the violent overthrow of roman rule

first invading tribe to sack rome

at its height the roman empire had a population of about
A. 12 million
B. 50 million
C. 3.5 million
D. 100 million

the emperor kept the poverty stricken masses pacified by
A. building the worlds largest ferris wheel.
B. making hollow promises that were never fulfilled.
C. giving them free grain and providing entertainment on a grand scale.
D. establishing the first lottery in history.

the paterfamilias or dominant male the the head of the roman family and
A. could be punished for any crimes comitted by his parents.
B. could be kicked out of the household if he failed in his duty to provide to the family.
C. gradually lost power over the course of roman history.
D. was the only member of the family that could care for the family pets.

constantine became the roman empires
A, last non christian sailor
B. first christian emperor
C. greatest persecutor of christians
D. sole defender of islam

under which emperor did rome adopt christianity as its official religion,
A. julius caesar
B. nero
C. zeno 2
D. theodosius the great.

arabs who lived in the desert rather than in towns

journey of muhammad and his followers to madinah

"struggle in the way of god"

secular and spiritual leader of an islamic community

"holder of power"

most famous section of the great mosque of samarra

muhammad began to meditate in the hills because
A. the town of makkah was too crowded with sinners.
B. he was trying to resolve and argument with his wife, khadijah
C. the hills were a holy site that were supposed to give visions to those worthy of them.
D. he became troubled by the gap between the honesty of most makkans and the greediness of trading elites in the city

after muhammads death muslim scholars drew up the shariah which is
A. an elaborate burial ritual still performed at muslim funerals today
B. a law code that provides believers with a set of practical laws to regulate their daily lives
C. also known as the six pillars of islam.
D. a collection of muhammads wisdom and teachings that was added to the quran.

with a population of 200,000, which of the following was europes largest city after constantinople?
A. cordoba
B. madinah
C. rome
D. baghdad

omar khayyam is most famour for
A. developing chess which is still played around the world today
B. writing a medical encyclopedia that became a textbook for medieval european university students.
C. his literary works, especially the rubaiyat
D. perfecting the sailboat which made it possible for europeans to sail to the americas

during the abbasid dynasty the council that advised the caliph was led by a prime minister known as a(n)
A. vizier
B. makkah
C. quran
D. sultan

one of the five pillars of islam the hajj is
A. the observation of the holy month of july uncluding fasting from dawn to sunset
B. ones duty to give alms to the poor and unfortunate.
C. a public prayer on friday at midday to worship allah.
D. a pilgrimage to makkah.

means of determing guilt under germanic law

created the carolingian empire

norsemen of scandinavia

a man who served a lord in military capacity

heavily armored cavalry soldier

gave written recognition to the mutual rights and obligations between kings and vassals

under early germanic law, a wrongdoer had to pay ___ or "money for a man" to the family on the person he injured or killed.
A. munster
B. bieren
C. kronen
D. wergild

charlemange established the missi dominci who were
A. ministers charged with the task of promoting sports in the kingdom,
B. nuns charged with the education of young men in order to prepare them for a life in clergy.
C. messengers who carried the kings art to all the cities in the kingdom.
D. two men who were sent out to local districts to ensure that the counts were carrying out the kings orders,

at the heart of feudalism was
A. the grant of serfs made to loyal vassals which was known as a fief.
B. the knight who was the enforcer of the lord and a protector of the lords lands
C. serfdom which meant that all non vassals laboned to support the serfs.
D. vassalage which meant warriors swore loyalty to a lord who in turn took care of their needs.

which of the following was a set of unwritten rules that determined the relationship between a lord and his vassal?
A. feudal contract
B. book of the dead
C. vassalage
D. fief

the domesday book was
A. the first census since roman times
B. the worlds first novel
C. a book of prophecy
D. the history of england

justinians codification of roman law resulted in
A. the domesday book
B. the magna carta
C. the divine comedy
D. the body of civil law

a tenth of ones produce

artisans and merchants living in walled cities

members of the wealthiest and most powerful families

court created by the church to find and try heretics

attempted to reconcile aristotles teachings with the doctrines of christianity

defeated the french at the battle of agincourt

which of the following was a heavy wheeled plow with an iron plowshare?
A. cabochon
B. dozer
C. sarruca
D. shovel

serfs were different from peasants in that serfs
A. lived in the cities and were not farmers like the peasants.
B. could live anywhere they chose except land that was part of a lords estate.
C. owned the land they worked on
D. were legally bound to land upon which they worked and lived.

born to a wealthy merchant family francis of assisi
A. used his status in society to improve the life of women,
B. eventually abandoned all worldly goods and material pursuits to live and preach in poverty
C. was both a successful wealthy merchant and a very popular novelist
D. gave up his claim to the family fortunes to join the benedictine monastic order and compare music

the chief task ____ was to harmonize christian teachings with the works of the greek philosophers
A. scholasticism
B. the chanson de geste
C. saint francis of assisi
D. algebra

joan of arc brought the hundred years was to decisive turning point by
A. seducing charles
B. spying on the english armies
C. fleeing to the english
D. inspiring the french with her faith

lived in villages that consisted of longhouses surrounded by a wooden fence

lived in the southwest in present day new mexico arizona utah and colorado

earliest known civilization of mesoamerica

used both a solar calendar and a sacred calendar for measuring time

iroguois home

supreme mayan god

the hopewell peoples are especially known for
A. the grand council
B. the colorful beads they made
C. the windmills they built
D. earth mounds they built

the great peace created
A. an alliance of five groups
B. a hundred years of peace
C. an end to all violence
D. new types of ckans

the plains indians used the buffalo for
A. ploughing fields
B. pets
C. beasts of burden
D. food clothing tools and shelter

which of the following is the name given to the arean of mexico and central america where ancient empires floursihed?
A. bermuda
B. mesoamerica
C. tikal
D. yucatan

the aztec capital _____ was built on an island in the middle of lake texcoco
A. chichen itza
B. tenochtitlan
C. mexico city
D. teotihucan

what kind of forced labor did most of the inca residents perform
A. military service
B. religious service
C. maintenance of the emperors land
D. construction service