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chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)
- onset 40-50 years
- poor prognosis
- malignant granulocytes that carry Philly chromosome
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acute myeloid leukemia (AML)
- median age 64y
- bone pain, anemia, thrombocytopenia, ^ infx
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chronic lymphoid leukemia (CLL)
- 95% B-cell precursor
- average age 65-70years
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acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (ALL)
- primarily affects children
- onset at 3-7 years
- good prognosis
-
2 types of neoplasms?
myeloid and lymphoid
-
hairy cell leukemia
- rare, chronic lymphoid leukemia
- more common in men
-
plasma cell myeloma (multiple myeloma)
- slow insidious onset
- malignant mature plasma cells
- exclusively in adults
- bone pain first sign
-
hodgkins  lymphoma
- arise in lymph nodes
- spreads to other lymph nodes
- more commo in men
- *Reed-sternberg cells
-
non-hodgkin's lymphoma
- older adults
- begins in lymph nodes
- no Reed-sternberg cells
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what type of cells does HIV target?
- helper T-cells (CD4+ lymphocytes)
- also macrophages (contains CD4 marker)
-
HIV structure
- RNA retrovirus.
- core, proteins, enzymes protected by a lipid bilayer envelope
- attaches to CD4+, injects RNA
- reverse transcriptase transforms it into DNA
- DNA migrates to nucleus, integrated into host
- host begins making HIV RNA coding, produses more HIV
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progression of HIV
- HIV infection leads to decline in CD4+ cells
- initial infx flu-like symptoms
- frequent opportunistic infections
- latency period (years, decades)
- considered AIDS when CD4+ count is <200
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most common cause of death from opportunistic infx in AIDS patients?
tuberculosis
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