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know the figure of the multipolar neuron
many extensions from cell body
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what makes up the central nervous system
brain and spinal cord
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what makes up the peripheral nervous system
nerves outside brain and spinal cord
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Types of neuroglia in the CNS
astrocyte, microglial cell, ependymal cells, oligodendrocyte (form myelin sheaths)
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what can speed a nerve impulse
myelin sheaths
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five elements in a reflex arc
receptor, sensory neuron, integration center, motor neuron, effector
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location of hypothalamus
under the thalamus
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regions CSF flows through
in arachnoid space, ventricles, and central canal of the spinal cord
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what can/cant pass the blood-brain layer
excludes many harmful substances. useless as a barrier against fats and fat soluble molecules, respiratory gases, alcohol, nicotine, and anesthesia
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functions of the nervous system
sensory input, integration, motor output
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direction of afferent sensory neuron impulse
towards CNS
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layers on meninges
dura mater (tough membrance surrounding brain), arachnoid mater, pia mater
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