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nutri

  1. another name for protein
    amino acid
  2. 2 bonded amino acids
    dipeptide
  3. more than 2 amino acids bonded together
    polypeptide
  4. Indispensable amino acid
    body cannot make in sufficient amounts
  5. dispensable amino acids
    body can synthesis from indispensable
  6. conditionally indespensble amino acids
    normally synthesized but some health conditions may require intake
  7. despensable amino acids
    • alanine
    • asparic acid
    • asparagine
    • glutamic acid
    • serine
  8. catabolism
    breakdown
  9. anabolism
    resynthesize
  10. function of protein
    • tissue building
    • energy
    • water balance
    • metabolism
    • immunity
  11. do proteins have a unique structure to act as buffer
    yes
  12. protein hormones
    • insulin
    • glucagon
  13. examples of complete proteins
    (animal origin)
    • meat
    • fist
    • seafood
    • soy
  14. examples of incomplete proteins
    (plant origin)
    • grains
    • legumes
    • fruits & vegetables
    • nuts
    • seeds
  15. lacto-ovo vegetarian
    vegetarians who eat eggs and dairy
  16. lacto vegetarian
    vegetarian who only allow dairy products
  17. ovo vegetarian
    vegetarian diet that allows only eggs
  18. vegan
    consume no aminal products
  19. protein enzymes
    (zymogens)
    • pepsin
    • rennin
    • hydrochlic acid
  20. marasmus
    • protein deficiency
    • emancited appearance with little or no body fat
  21. kwashikor
    • protein deficiency
    • edema in feet and legs and bloated belly
  22. pancreatic secretion
    • trypsin
    • chymotrypsin
    • carboxypeptidase
  23. dri of protein
    10% to 35 %
  24. how many common amino acids
    20
  25. how many indespensable amino acids
    9
  26. how many despensible amino acids
    5
  27. how many conditionally indespensible amino acids
    6
  28. 4 elements of protein
    • carbon
    • hydrogen
    • oxygen
    • nitrogen
  29. 3 compartments water divided into
    • interstitial
    • intracellular
    • intravascular
  30. complete proteins
    have all 9 indespensable amino acids
  31. incomplete proteins
    are missing one or more of the 9 essential amino acids
  32. calculate protein of person eating 2200 kcal/day @ 10-35%
    • 2200 kcal x .10 = 220 kcal/day
    • 2200 kcal x .35 = 770 kcal/day
    • 220 kcal / 4kcalg/ = 55g
    • 770 kcal/ 4kcal/g = 192.5g
    • 55-192.5 g
  33. biologic value
    nitrogen balance
  34. high chemical score food
    eggs 100
  35. deamination
    process of losing of nitrogen from protein
  36. positive nitrogen balance
    body takes in more nitrogen than it excretes

    ex: adolesence, pregnancy, infancy, childhood
  37. negative nitrogen balance
    body takes in less nitrogen than it excretes

    ex: illness, surgery
  38. digestion
    process of breaking down food in the GI tract releasing nutrients in for body can use
  39. absoption
    nutrients taken into the cell lining of GI tract
  40. transport
    movement of nutrients through the circulatory sytem
  41. hydrochloric acid and buffers
    produce correct pH in GI tract
  42. enzymes
    proteins that breakdown nutrients
  43. mucus
    lubricate and protect the mucosal tissue lining of GI
  44. peristalsis
    push food forward
  45. pendular movement
    sweeps back and forth
  46. segmentation rings
    chops food mass into successive small lumps
  47. longitudinal movement
    rolls food in a spiral motion
  48. secretin
    controls acidity and secretion of enzymes from pancreas
  49. cholecystokinin
    secreted when fat is present to release bile
  50. kcal in alcohol
    7
  51. a fever can increase basal metablic rate
    7% for each 1of
  52. BMR for men
    1 x kg weight x 24 hours = BMR
  53. BMR for women
    0.9 x kg weight x 24 hours = BMR
  54. 1 lb = ___ kg
    150 lbs x .45 = 67.5
  55. calorie
    amount of energy in food or used in physical activity
  56. kilocalorie
    • amount of heat necessary to raise 1 kg of water 1oC
    • 1000 calories
  57. density
    the degree of concentration of material in a given substance
  58. caloric density
    concentration of energy in a given amount of food
  59. nutrient density
    concentration of all nutrients in a given amount of food
  60. 3 demands for energy to determine bodys total energy requirements
    • ressting enegy expenditure (REE)
    • physical activity
    • thermic effect of food (TEF)
  61. glycogenesis
    formation of stored glycogen from glucose
  62. lipogenesis
    building up of triglyceries for storage in adipose tissue
  63. gluconeogeneis
    conversion of amino acids to glucose
  64. adipose tissue
    storage for fat
Author
blkbunny20
ID
19304
Card Set
nutri
Description
chp 4-8
Updated

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