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We Are One
John 17:22
And I have given them the glory you gave me, so that they may be one, as we are one
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Relationship between God and the human authors
- Doesn't remove human limitations.
- God supplies a Spirit that is a living and ongoing interpretation.
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Historical-Critical Method
4 questions. (#2 has 5 parts)
- 1. What kind of literature?
- 2. When was it written? Where? To whom? By whom? Why?
- 3. What sources used?
- 4. What message did the author intend to convey?
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4 major groups within ancient Judaism
- Pharisees
- Sadducces
- Essenes
- Zealots
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Pharisees (the "separate ones") (x2)
- Faithful to the Law, but the Law is not always explicit.
- Open to interpretation.
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Sadducces (the "righteous ones") (x2)
- Strict interpretation of the Torah.
- Did not subscribe to the oral law.
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Essenes ("pious") (x2)
- Not mentioned in the NT, but we know the most about them.
- Discovered/created the Dead sea scrolls.
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Zealots (the 4th Philosophy) (x3)
- Extremists.
- Militant zeal.
- Violent resistance to Roman occupation.
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The Jews living in Judea tended to be __ and __.
orthodox and nationalistic
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At Jesus's time, which was the most influential sect within Judaism?
B. Pharisees
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Members of this sect believed only what was in the Torah, but were also some of the wealthiest and most powerful Jews of Jesus' day.
A. Sadducees
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This extremely devout Jewish sect withdrew themselves from society and lived a monastic lifestyle in the desert. Produced Dead Sea Scrolls.
A. Essenes
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Exegesis
The critical interpretation of Scripture
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Ecclesial
Anything referring or having to do with the Church
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Pentecost
- The outpouring of the Holy Spirit upon the disciples 50 days after the resurrection.
- The "birthday" of the Church.
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Liturgy (2 examples)
- The official worship of the Church
- 1. the Mass 2. The Divine Office
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Divine Relation
God showing himself to us through his Son and through words.
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Sacred Tradition
Those parts of Divine Revelation that were/are passed on orally.
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Sacred Scripture
Those parts of Divine Revelation that were eventually written down.
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What helped to form the structure of Judaism at the time of Jesus? (x3)
- 1. Messianic hopes
- 2. The Temple
- 3. The covenant
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If Samaria had once been the northern capital of Israel, then why were Samaritans despised by other Jews?
they had intermarried a pagan enemy
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Why was the northern most region of Israel given the name Galilee?
It was surrounded by Gentile lands
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True or False:
Christian Communities first developed in Roman cities outside of Israel
True
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The the fundamental beliefs and teachings of the Bible are without error is called ___
Biblical Inerrancy
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True or False:
Understanding the literary form used by a Biblical author can help us to better understand the author's intention
True
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2 Source (Q) Theory (6 point explanation)
MK "Q"?
MT LK
- 1. MT, MK, LK are similar (synoptic)
- 2. MK was written 15-20 years before MT+LK
- 3. MT+LK must have used MK as a source
- 4. MT+LK also share material not in MK
- 5. MT+LK were written at about the same time
- 6. Must have been a 2nd source used by MT+LK
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3 Stages of NT/Church Development
- Stage 1: Life Stage + Teaching of Jesus
- Stage 2: Oral Stage- teaching of the Apostles, eye witnesses
- Stage 3: Written Stage- transfer of Jesus teaching to writing
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Blessed are the poor in spirit,
for theirs is the kingdom of heaven
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Blessed are those who mourn,
for they will be comforted
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Blessed are the meek,
for they will inherit the earth
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Blessed are those who hunger and thirst for righteousness,
for they will be filled
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Blessed are the merciful,
for they will receive mercy
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Blessed are the pure in heart,
for they will see God
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Blessed are the peacemakers,
for they will be called children of God
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Blessed are those who are persecuted for righteousness sake,
for theirs is the kingdom of heaven
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4 Levels of Exegesis
- 1. Background
- 2. Source Criticism
- 3. Literary Criticism
- 4. Interpretation + Application
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Background (part of exegesis)
Authorship, date, language, location, purpose, audience, motive, ect.
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Source Criticism (part of exegesis)
- Examination of the authors sources.
- "Proof" that makes it more than a personal opinion.
- Connects old with new.
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Literary Criticism (part of exegesis)
- Recognition of Scriptual Genres.
- Word choice and usage.
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Interpretation + Application (part of exegesis)
Understanding the word and living the word out in our lives today.
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3 Exegetical Sources
- 1. Concordance
- 2. Bible Dictionary
- 3. Biblical Commentaries
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Concordance (part of sources)
Tells what words are used, where, and how many times. Always a single-word cross referencing.
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Bible Dictionary (part of sources)
Provides specific biblical meaning and significance of words, esp. those that may differ from everyday usage.
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Biblical Commentaries (part of sources)
Provides detailed exegesis and explanations of entire passages- organized like Bible.
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4 Gospels. Two distinct traditions.
Synoptic Gospels: explanation of ___
John's Gospel: explanation of ___
- Synoptic: Jesus' Teachings
- John: Jesus Himself
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Gospel of Matthew:
Author? Date written? Audience? Images of Jesus?
- Author: Unknown. Probably 2nd generation Jewish Christian (of Palestinian origin)
- Date: 70-85
- Audience: Jewish Christians
- Images: Teaching Savior
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Gospel of Mark:
Author? Date written? Audience? Images of Jesus?
- Author: Disciple of Peter. Probably John Mark.
- Date: 65-70
- Audience: Gentile Christians
- Images: Suffering Messiah
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Gospel of Luke:
Author? Date written? Audience? Images of Jesus?
- Author: Companion of Paul. Only Gentile.
- Date: 70-85
- Audience: Christians of Greek background (Gentiles)
- Images: Compassionate Savior
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Gospel of John:
Author? Date written? Audience? Images of Jesus?
- Author: Disciple of the Apostle John
- Date: 90-100
- Audience: Christians of all backgrounds
- Images: Life-giving divine Savior
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