Eye Pharm Drugs

• Bacterial Conj
• AE: allergic rxns

• Bacterial Conjunctivitis
• Classic Option
• 5-6 times daily

• Bacterial Conjunctivitis
• Broad spectrum

• Bacterial Conjunctivitis
• Broad spectrum

• Bacterial Conjunctivitis
• Use in conjunction with neomycin or bacitracin
• AE: allergic reactions due to neomycin

• Bacterial Conjunctivitis
• commonly used
• 1 drop in the affected eye TWICE daily
• Expensive

• Bacterial Keratinitis
• Better result for Bact. Keratitis if you obtain culture and sensitivity

• Herpes Simplex of the EYE
• 8-9 times daily

• Herpes Simplex Keratitis (Eye)
• 5 times daily

• antiviral given if herpes zoster is suspected
• refer to optho within 24 hours

• alpha 1 agonist
• dilator--> mydriasis 
• No cycloplegic effects
• onset 30 mins
• 2-3 hr duration
• innervated by the sympathetic nervous system

• contraction of ciliary muscle
• mediated by PNS

• used in glaucoma
• first line agents

MOA: reduce IOP up to 25% by increasing uveoscleral outflow

• Specific Drugs (all drops): Lantaoprost (Xalaton)
• Travoprost (Travaton)
• Brimatoprost (Lumigan)** eye lash growth
• Unoprosterone (rescula)

• Treatment of Glaucoma
• MOA: decrease production of Aqueous Humor (via B2 blockade)

Nonselective: Timolol, carteolol, metipranolo, levobunolol

Selective: Betaxolol- B1 only, less effective

• AE: Local: stinging eyes, blepharitis, conj, uveitis
• Systemic: cardiac and bronchospasm

• treatment of Glaucoma
• MOA: reduce IOP by decreasing rate of AH production

• Drugs: Brimonidine Alphagan (selective, 1st line)
• Apraclonidine (Iopidine) - 2nd line

• AE: local- lid edema*, eye discomfort and itching
• Systemic: dizziness, dry mouth, increased blood pressure

• treatment of glaucoma
• MOA: decrease AH secretion from ciliary body

AE Local Effects: stinging, blurred vision, redness

• Systemic CAIs are available for those who dont respond to topical therapy:
• - Acetazolamide 
• Methazolamide

• PNS- anti muscarinics
• Block mitosis and block ciliary muscle spasm

• Atropine- not used for procedures, used for children with lazy eye (lasts up to 2 weeks) 
• Scopolamine- used for motion sickness
• Homatropine- short lastings 2-3 hr
• Cyclopentolate- eye injury
• Tropicamide- most commonly used for optho procedures

AE: anticholinergic effects are more common in young

used for minor surgery, removal of forgeign bodies

Proparcaine (onset 15s, duration 15 min) most common

Tetracaine (onset 1m, duration 15-20 m)

Benoxinate HCL (onset 1-2 min, duration 10-15) used to check corneal abrasions with fluorescein

used for uveitis, allergic conj, keratitis

variable potencies

AE: decrease healing in eye, decrease immune defense 

Alrex (loteprednol etabonate) - seasonal allergic conj

• Pred Mild (prednisolone)
• Vexol (rimexolone)
• - both are used for post op inflammation and anterior uveitis

Pred Forte- ocular inflammation

Inflamase Forte (prednisolone sodium phosphate)-ocular inflammation

Fluoromethalone (FML)- ocular inflammation

Lotemax (loteprdnol)- ocular inflammation and post op

• Pantanol (olapadine)
• -antihistamine (most common)
• - mast cell stabilizer
• -first line for allergic conjunct.

• Levocabastine HCL (livostin)
• -Histamine 1 antagonist for acute relief

• Lodoxamide (Alomide) and Cromolyn Na
• -mast cell stabilizers
• -take a few weeks to work

• Acular (ketorolac)
• -NSAID

• MOA: B2 agonism increase in AH outflow
• Less effects on IOP overall and may be useful to add on to other first line therapies