Pediatric reflexes

  1. Rooting
    • Onset Age: 28 weeks gestation
    • Integration Age: 3 months
    • Stimulus: stroke the corner of the mouth, upper lip and lower lip
    • Response: mvmnt of tongue, mouth and or head toward stimulus
    • Relevance: allows searching for and locating feeding source
  2. Suck-Swallow
    • Onset Age: 28 weeks gestation
    • Integration Age: 2-5 months
    • Stimulus: place finger in infants mouth w head at midline
    • Response: strong rhythmical sucking
    • Relevance: allows ingestion of nourishment
  3. Traction
    • Onset Age: 28 weeks gestation
    • Integration Age: 2-5 months
    • Stimulus: grasp infants forearms and pull to sit
    • Response: complete flexion of upper extrenities
    • Relevance: enhances mementary reflexive grasp
  4. Moro
    • Onset Age: 28 weeks gestation
    • Integration Age: 4-6 months
    • Stimulus: rapidly drop infants head backwards
    • Response: 1) arme extension/ abduction, hand opening 2) arm flexion and adduction
    • Relevance: facilitaties ability to depart from dominant flexor posture; protective response
  5. Plantar grasp
    • Onset Age: 28 weeks gestation
    • Integration Age: 9 months
    • Stimulus: apply pressure with thumb on the infant's ball of foot
    • Response: toe flexion
    • Relevance: increases tactile input to sole of the foot
  6. Galant
    • Onset Age: 32 weeks gestation
    • Integration Age: 2 months
    • Stimulus: hold infant in prone suspension, gently scratch or tap alongside the spine with fringer from shoulders to buttocks
    • Response: lateral trunk flesion and wrinkiling of the skin on the stimulated side
    • Relevance: facilitates lateral trunk movements necessary for trunk stabilization
  7. Asymmetric tonic neck (ATNR)
    • Onset Age: 37 weeks gestation
    • Integration Age: 4-6 months
    • Stimulus: fully rotate infants head and hold for 5 seconds
    • Response: extension of extremities on the face side, flesion of extremities on the skull side
    • Relevance: promotes visual hand regard
  8. Palmer grasp
    • Onset Age: 37 weeks gestation
    • Integration Age: 4-6 months
    • Stimulus: place examiner's finger in infant's palm
    • Response: finger flexion; reflexive grasp
    • Relevance: increases tactile input on the palm of the hand
  9. Tonic labyrinthine supine
    • Onset Age: > 37 wks gestations
    • Integration Age: 6 months
    • Stimulus: place infant in supine
    • Response: increased extensor tone
    • Relevance: Facilitates total body extensor tone
  10. Tonic Laberinthine Prone
    • Onset Age: > 37 wks gestation
    • Integration Age: 6 months
    • Stimulus: place infant in prone
    • Response: increased flexor tone
    • Relevance: facilitaties total body flexor tone
  11. Labyrinthine/ optical (head) righting
    • Onset Age: Birth - 2months
    • Integration Age: perists
    • Stimulus: Hold infant suspended vertically and tilt slowly (about 45 degrees) to the side, forward, or backward
    • Response: Upright positioning of the head
    • Relevance: orients head in space; maintains face vertical
  12. Landau
    • Onset Age: 3-4 months
    • Integration Age: 12-24 months
    • Stimulus: hold infant in horizontal prone suspension
    • Response: complete extension of head, trunk and extremities
    • Relevance: breaks up flexor dominance, facilitates prone extension
  13. Symmetric tonic neck
    • Onset Age: 4-6 months
    • Integration Age: 8-12 months
    • Stimulus: place infant in the crawling position and extend the head
    • Response: flexion of hops and knees
    • Relevance: Breaks up total extensor posture; facilitates static quadruped position
  14. Neck riting (NOB)
    • Onset Age: 4-6 months
    • Integration Age: 5 years
    • Stimulus: place infant in supine and fully trun head to one side
    • Response: log rolling of the entire body to maintain alignment with the head
    • Relevance: Maintains head/ body alignment; initiates folling (first ampulation effort)
  15. Body Righting (on body) (BOB)
    • Onset Age: 4-6 months
    • Integration Age: 5 years
    • Stimulus: Place infant in supine, Fles one hip and knee toward the chest and hold briefly
    • Response: Segmental folling of the upper trunk to maintain alignment
    • Relevance: facilitates trunk/ spinal rotation
  16. Downward parachute (protective extension downward)
    • Onset Age: 4 months
    • Integration Age: persists
    • Stimulus: Rapidtly lower infant toward supporting surface while suspended vertically
    • Response: extension of the lower extremities
    • Relevance: allows accurate placement of lower extremities in anticipation of a surface
  17. Forward Parachute (protective extension forward)
    • Onset Age: 6-9 months
    • Integration Age: persists
    • Stimulus: suddenly tip infant forward toward suporting surface while vertically suspended
    • Response: sudden extension of the upper extremities, hand opening, and neck extension
    • Relevance: Allows accurate placement of upper extremities in anticipation of supporting surface to prevent a fall
  18. Sideward parachute (protective extension sideward)
    • Onset Age: 7 months
    • Integration Age: persists
    • Stimulus: quickly but firmly tip infant off balance to the side while in the sitting position
    • Response: arm extension and abduction to the side
    • Relevance: protects body to prevent a fall; unilaterally facilitates spinal rotation
  19. Backward Parachute (Protective extension backward)
    • Onset Age: 9-10 months
    • Integration Age: persists
    • Stimulus: Quickly but firmly tip infant of ablance back ward
    • Response: backward arm extension or arm extension to one side
    • Relevance: Protects body to prevent a fall; unilaterally facilitates spinal rotation
  20. Prone Tilting
    • Onset Age: 5 months
    • Integration Age: Persists
    • Stimulus: After positioning infant in prone, slowly raise one side of the supporting surface
    • Response: curving of spine toward the raised side (opposite the pull of gravity) abduction/extension of arms and legs
    • Relevance: Maintain equilibrium without arm support; facilitate postural adjustments in all positions
  21. Supine Tilting
    • Onset Age: 7-8 months
    • Integration Age: Persists
    • Stimulus: After positioning infant in supine or sitting, slowly raise one side of the supporting surface
    • Response: curving of spine toward the raised side (opposite the pull of gravity) abduction/extension of arms and legs
    • Relevance: Maintain equilibrium without arm support; facilitate postural adjustments in all positions
  22. Quadruped Tilting
    • Onset Age: 9-12 months
    • Integration Age: Persists
    • Stimulus: After positioning infant on all fours, slowly raise one side of the supporting surface
    • Response: curving of spine toward the raised side (opposite the pull of gravity) abduction/extension of arms and legs
    • Relevance: Maintain equilibrium without arm support; facilitate postural adjustments in all positions
  23. Standing tilting
    • Onset Age: 12-21 months
    • Integration Age: Persists
    • Stimulus: After positioning infant in standing, slowly raise one side of the supporting surface
    • Response: curving of spine toward the raised side (opposite the pull of gravity) abduction/extension of arms and legs
    • Relevance: Maintain equilibrium without arm support; facilitate postural adjustments in all positions
  24. Reemergence or presistance of primitive reflexes
    indicative of CNS dysfunction
  25. Reflex
    predictable motor response elicited by tactile, propreoceptive or vestibular stimulation
Author
aj4uxoxo
ID
1928
Card Set
Pediatric reflexes
Description
Most important pediatric reflexes
Updated